Aphthous Ulcers in HIV Infection
Please click on the link below to access the most up-to-date version of this guideline. The content on this page is currently being updated to align with the latest publication. Always check the version number at the bottom of the screen to confirm which version you are using. Click here to access the Primary Health Care - PHC Chapter 11: Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Acquired Immune Deficienc
Please click on the link below to access the most up-to-date version of this guideline. The content on this page is currently being updated to align with the latest publication. Always check the version number at the bottom of the screen to confirm which version you are using.
Click here to access the Primary Health Care - PHC Chapter 11: Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (HIV and AIDS) - 26 February 2026
K12.0 + (B24)
DESCRIPTION
Painful ulcers in the mouth, except the gums, hard palate and dorsum of the tongue.
Minor ulcers (< 1 cm diameter) usually heal within 2 weeks.
Major ulcers (> 1 cm diameter) are very painful, often very deep, and persistant. Major ulcers generally resolve rapidly on ART.
Herpes simplex, histoplasmosis and mycobacteria may also present with major mucosal ulcers.
MEDICINE TREATMENT
Minor aphthous ulcers:
- Tetracaine 0.5 %, oral, topical, applied every 6 hours.
- Apply a thin layer on the affected areas only.
REFERRAL
- Major aphthous ulcers for further diagnostic evaluation.
Standard Treatment Guidelines and Essential Medicines List for South Africa, Primary Healthcare, 2020-2024_Version 2.1_09 December 2024
Chapter 11: Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (HIV AND AIDS)_11.3 Opportunistic Infections, Treatment in Adults_11.3.1 Aphthous Ulcers in HIV Infection