Clinical Reference for NeoHealth® Practice

Description Referral N04.9/N05.9/N17.9 + (B24) DESCRIPTION Various forms of kidney disorders are described among PLHIV. Early detection of HIV kidney disease may be beneficial in an attempt to protect the kidney from further disease progression and for adjusting the dose of relevant medicines (See: Antiretroviral therapy, adults table - Antiretroviral medicines: Dose and common adverse dru

Description Medicine Treatment Referral B58 + (B20.8) DESCRIPTION Initial diagnosis can only be made at hospital level. MEDICINE TREATMENT Cotrimoxazole, oral, 320/1600 mg 12 hourly for 4 weeks. Then 160/800 mg 12 hourly for 12 weeks. Secondary prophylaxis Cotrimoxazole, oral 160/800 mg daily. Continue until the CD4 count has risen to >200 cells/mm 3 on ART. Commence ART. REFERRAL

Description General Measures Medicine Treatment L29.8 DESCRIPTION Itchy inflamed papules at different stages of evolution. Healed lesions are often hyperpigmented. The itch is difficult to manage. May flare after starting ART, but generally improves as the CD4 count increases. It is essential to exclude scabies. GENERAL MEASURES Minimise exposure to insect bites, e.g. by regularly dipping p

B20.5 See: Candidiasis, skin , and ringworm and other tineas . Click here to access the pdf . Standard Treatment Guidelines and Essential Medicines List for South Africa, Primary Healthcare_V1.0_26 February 2026 Chapter 11: Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (HIV AND AIDS)_11.3 Opportunistic Infections, Treatment in Adult_11.3.8 Fungal Skin Infections

B20.5 + B35.1 This is common in PLHIV and can involve multiple nails. Treatment is not generally recommended because it is mostly of only cosmetic importance and therefore the risk of systemic therapy is not warranted. It generally resolves when patient is on ART. Click here to access the pdf . Standard Treatment Guidelines and Essential Medicines List for South Africa, Primary Healthcare_V1.0_26

Description Medicine Treatment Referral B20.8 + (A07.2-3) DESCRIPTION Diarrhoea that persists for > 2 weeks. Often associated with wasting. Diarrhoea persisting for 4 weeks is a WHO stage 3 condition (if there is weight loss or fever it is stage 4). Send stool sample to look for ova, cysts and parasites in all cases. Note: A negative stool specimen does not exclude Cryptosporidium . If Cryptos

See Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) . Click here to access the pdf . Standard Treatment Guidelines and Essential Medicines List for South Africa, Primary Healthcare_V1.0_26 February 2026 Chapter 11: Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (HIV AND AIDS)_11.3 Opportunistic Infections, Treatment in Adult_1.3.16 Tuberculosis (TB)

See: Pneumocystis pneumonia . Click here to access the pdf . Standard Treatment Guidelines and Essential Medicines List for South Africa, Primary Healthcare_V1.0_26 February 2026 Chapter 11: Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (HIV AND AIDS)_11.3 Opportunistic Infections, Treatment in Adult_11.3.14 Pneumonia, Pneumocystis

See: Respiratory infections . Click here to access the pdf . Standard Treatment Guidelines and Essential Medicines List for South Africa, Primary Healthcare_V1.0_26 February 2026 Chapter 11: Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (HIV AND AIDS)_11.3 Opportunistic Infections, Treatment in Adult_11.3.13 Pneumonia, Bacterial

See: Necrotising periodontitis . Click here to access the pdf . Standard Treatment Guidelines and Essential Medicines List for South Africa, Primary Healthcare_V1.0_26 February 2026 Chapter 11: Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (HIV AND AIDS)_11.3 Opportunistic Infections, Treatment in Adult_11.3.9 Gingivitis, Acute Necrotising Ulcerative