GuidelinesPEML (Paeds Hospital STG)
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)
General and supportive measures
ICD-10 code: F84
DESCRIPTION
ASD presents with persistent deficits in social communication and interaction, e.g. deficits in socio-emotional reciprocity and restricted, repetitive patterns of behaviour, interests and activities, e.g. inflexibility when confronted with change.
GENERAL AND SUPPORTIVE MEASURES
- Social skills and family interventions.
- Functional assessments (like OT) and diagnostic screens are essential.
- Education and school placement.
- Behaviour modification, specifically adapted for autism spectrum disorders.
- Early intervention is important for optimal outcome.
- Screen for comorbidities such as ADHD, mood and anxiety disorders, which commonly co-exist.
MEDICATION TREATMENT
Not for core autistic symptoms.
For irritability, severe aggression and self-injurious behaviour:
- Risperidone, oral.
- 5 – 12 years (under 50 kg):
- Starting dose: 0.01 mg/kg/day.
- Maintenance dose: 0.02 - 0.04 mg/kg/day.
- 5 – 12 years (under 50 kg):
REFERRAL
- Refer all patients not responding to risperidone to a psychiatrist, or appropriate sub-specialist.
Standard Treatment Guidelines and Essential Medicines List for South Africa, Hospital Level, Paediatrics, 2023 Edition
Chapter 14: Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 14.12 Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)