Cytomegalovirus (CMV) Retinitis
Description Diagnostic criteria Medicine treatment Referral ICD-10 code: B25.8 DESCRIPTION Characteristic appearance: opacification of the retina with areas of haemorrhage, exudate and necrosis. Occurs in immunocompromised patients and could be an important cause of visual impairment in HIV-infected patients. DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA Confirm retinitis with ophthalmological assessment. Confirm CM
Description
Diagnostic criteria
Medicine treatment
Referral
ICD-10 code: B25.8
DESCRIPTION
Characteristic appearance: opacification of the retina with areas of haemorrhage, exudate and necrosis.
Occurs in immunocompromised patients and could be an important cause of visual impairment in HIV-infected patients.
DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA
- Confirm retinitis with ophthalmological assessment.
- Confirm CMV disease with DNA PCR.
MEDICINE TREATMENT
Ganciclovir, intravitreal, 2 mg, once a week (ophthalmologist treatment). Once immune function has been restored with antiretroviral therapy, i.e. CD4 > 100 cells/mm3, maintenance ganciclovir can be stopped but monitor for recurrence.
REFERRAL
- All patients to confirm diagnosis and manage treatment.
Standard Treatment Guidelines and Essential Medicines List for South Africa Paediatric Hospital _2023, 5th edition_Updated July 2024
Chapter 16: Eye Conditions, 16.4 Cytomegalovirus (CMV) Retinitis