GuidelinesOther guideline
Definitions
Adherence The extent to which a person’s behaviour corresponds with agreed recommendations from a healthcare worker for taking medication, following a diet and/or making lifestyle changes Adolescent A person aged 15 to 19 years Child For practical purposes, children weighing >25kg (typically eight to ten years of age) can be treated with adult doses of TB medications including for TB preventiv
| Adherence | The extent to which a person’s behaviour corresponds with agreed recommendations from a healthcare worker for taking medication, following a diet and/or making lifestyle changes |
| Adolescent | A person aged 15 to 19 years |
| Child | For practical purposes, children weighing >25kg (typically eight to ten years of age) can be treated with adult doses of TB medications including for TB preventive treatment (TPT). Children weighing >25kg can also usually produce sputum for TB testing. For reporting purposes, children are defined as 0 to 14 years of age by WHO. |
| Evaluation | The periodic assessment of the change in targeted results that can be attributed to the programme intervention, or the analysis of inputs and activities to determine their contribution to results |
| Infant | A child under one year of age |
| Index patient | A person (adult or adolescent) with infectious pulmonary TB |
| Latent TB infection | A state of immune response to stimulation by Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigens, indicated by a positive tuberculin skin test (TST) or interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA) test, with no evidence of active TB disease |
| Monitoring | The tracking of key elements of programme performance (inputs, activities and results) on a regular basis to provide continuous information on progress towards achieving goals, and alert staff and managers to problems, providing an opportunity for these to be resolved early |
| Recent TB exposure | Contact with a person diagnosed with pulmonary TB in the last 12 months. The person may be from the same household, or be a close contact outside of the household setting, e.g., a care provider, colleague, teacher, family member or friend |
| Significant TB exposure | Known exposure to a person (adult or adolescent) with pulmonary TB who shared the same enclosed space for one or more nights or for frequent or extended daytime periods during the three months before the index patient starting their TB treatment. Significant TB exposure can occur in any setting, e.g., the household, workplace, place of learning or care. Therefore, the term “household contact” is confusing since it is limited in scope and should no longer be used. “TB contact” will therefore be used throughout this document. |
| TB contact | All people (family members and other individuals; regardless of age and HIV status) who have had a ‘significant TB exposure’ – that is: shared the same enclosed space or shared living arrangement with a TB index patient for one or more nights or for frequent or extended daytime periods during three months before the start of current treatment in the TB index patient with pulmonary TB |
| TB disease | Disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. TB can either be bacteriologically confirmed or clinically diagnosed |
| TB exposed infants | Infants born to mothers who were diagnosed with TB before or after the baby was born, or other documented close TB exposure in the infant (e.g. another caregiver, family member, day care provider) |
| Silicosis | Lung fibrosis caused by the inhaling silica-containing |
| 3HP | three months of weekly isoniazid plus rifapentine |
| 3RH | three months of daily rifampicin plus isoniazid |
| 6H | six months of daily isoniazid monotherapy |
| 12H | 12 months of daily isoniazid monotherapy |
National Guidelines on the Treatment of Tuberculosis Infection, February 2023
Definitions