Heart Failure
Description Diagnostic Criteria ICD-10 code: I50.9 DESCRIPTION Clinical syndrome reflecting the inability of the myocardium to meet the oxygen and nutritional/metabolic requirements of the body. Causes include: volume overload: L-R shunt lesions mitral/aortic regurgitation pump failure: myocarditis/cardiomyopathy high output failure: septicaemia severe anaemia DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA Clinical A
Description
Diagnostic Criteria
ICD-10 code: I50.9
DESCRIPTION
Clinical syndrome reflecting the inability of the myocardium to meet the oxygen and nutritional/metabolic requirements of the body.
Causes include:
- volume overload:
- L-R shunt lesions
- mitral/aortic regurgitation
- pump failure:
- myocarditis/cardiomyopathy
- high output failure:
- septicaemia
- severe anaemia
DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA
Clinical
- Acute cardiac failure may present with shock. See: Emergencies and Trauma, Shock.
- History of recent onset of:
- poor feeding,
- poor or excessive weight gain,
- tachypnoea,
- breathlessness,
- sweating,
- cough.
- Physical findings:
- tachycardia,
- cardiomegaly,
- hypotension,
- cold extremities,
- weak pulses,
- reduced urinary output,
- gallop rhythm with/without a cardiac murmur,
- pulmonary venous congestion and fluid retention:
- tachypnoea,
- dyspnoea,
- orthopnoea,
- recession,
- wheezing,
- coarse crepitations,
- cyanosis;
- systemic venous congestion:
- hepatomegaly,
- periorbital oedema - not seen in infants,
- abnormal weight gain,
- signs and symptoms of underlying condition/disease.
Investigations as appropriate for the possible underlying cause
- Chest X-ray: cardiomegaly is almost always present.
- Electrocardiogram may show evidence of hypertrophy/enlargement of one or more heart chambers and/or dysrhythmias.
Standard Treatment Guidelines And Essential Medicines List For South Africa, Hospital Level, Paediatrics, 2023 Edition
Chapter 4: Cardiovascular System , 4.9 Heart Failure
Click here for 4.9.1 Heart Failure, Acute With Pulmonary Oedema
Click here for 4.9.2 Heart Failure, Maintenance Therapy