Petrochemical Poisoning
Description Diagnostic criteria General and supportive measures Medicine treatment Referral ICD-10 code: T53.6 DESCRIPTION Accidental ingestion of paraffin, particularly by toddlers, is common in South Africa. DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA Clinical Paraffin is volatile and inhalation of the fumes or aspiration of liquid can cause respiratory distress due to chemical pneumonitis. CNS symptoms: d
Description
Diagnostic criteria
General and supportive measures
Medicine treatment
Referral
ICD-10 code: T53.6
DESCRIPTION
Accidental ingestion of paraffin, particularly by toddlers, is common in South Africa.
DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA
Clinical
- Paraffin is volatile and inhalation of the fumes or aspiration of liquid can cause respiratory distress due to chemical pneumonitis.
- CNS symptoms: depressed level of consciousness.
Investigations
- Chest X-ray if respiratory distress present.
GENERAL AND SUPPORTIVE MEASURES
CAUTION
Do not attempt gastric lavage.
- Observe patient for up to 6–8 hours if asymptomatic.
- Administer oxygen, if necessary.
- Remove contaminated clothes and wash skin to prevent chemical burns.
MEDICINE TREATMENT
If infection develops 48 hours after ingestion:
- See: Respiratory, Pneumonia.
REFERRAL
- For ventilatory support.
Standard Treatment Guidelines and Essential Medicines List for South Africa, Hospital Level, Paediatrics, 2023 Edition
Chapter 18: Poisoning, 18.1 Poisoning, 18.1.12 Petrochemical Poisoning