GuidelinesEML (Adult Hospital STG)
Abbreviations
Standard Treatment Guidelines and Essential Medicines List for South Africa, Hospital Level, Adults 2019 Edition
| Abbreviation | Name |
| 3TC | lamivudine |
| ab | antibody |
| ABC | abacavir |
| ACE-inhibitor | angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor |
| ACR | albumin creatinine ratio |
| ACTH | adrenocorticotropic hormone |
| ADH | antidiuretic hormone |
| ADR | adverse drug reaction |
| AED | automated external defribillator |
| AIDP | acute inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy |
| AIDS | Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome |
| AKI | acute kidney injury |
| ALP | alkaline phosphatase |
| ALT | alanine aminotransferase |
| AMH | anti-mullerian hormone |
| aPTT | activated partial thromboplastin time |
| ARB | Angiotensin receptor blocker |
| ART | antiretroviral therapy |
| AST | aspartate aminotransferase |
| ATV/r | atazanavir/ritonavir |
| AUB | abnormal uterine bleeding |
| AV | atrioventricular |
| AZT | zidovudine |
| β-hCG | beta human chorionic gonadotropin |
| β-blocker | beta-receptor blocker |
| β2-agonist | beta2-receptor blocker |
| BD | bipolar disorder |
| BMI | body mass index |
| BP | blood pressure |
| BPRS | Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale |
| bpm | beats per minute |
| BSA | body surface area |
| Ca | calcium |
| CAB (sequence) | circulation airway breathing (sequence) |
| CCF | congestive cardiac failure |
| CD | Crohn's disease |
| CD4 | cluster of differentiation 4 (Tcells) |
| CHC | community health centre |
| CHD | coronary heart disease |
| CIDP | chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy |
| CIN | contrast induced nephrotoxicity |
| CKD | chronic kidney disease |
| cm | centimetre |
| CMV | cytomegalovirus |
| CNS | central nervous system |
| COPD | chronic obstructive pulmonary disease |
| CPAP | continuous positive airway pressure |
| CPR | Cardio-pulmonary resuscitation |
| CrAg | cryptococcal antigen |
| CrCl | creatinine clearance |
| CRP | c-reactive protein |
| CSF | cerevrospinal fluid |
| CT | computerized tomography |
| CTG | cardiotocography |
| CVD | cardiovascular disease |
| CXR | chest x-ray |
| DBP | diastolic blood pressure |
| DC | direct current |
| DILI | drug-induced liver injury |
| DIC | disseminated intravascular coagulation |
| dL | decilitre |
| DKA | diabetic ketoacidosis |
| DMARD | disease-modifying antirheumatic drug |
| DNA | deoxyribonucleic acid |
| DTG | dolutegravir |
| DU | duodenal ulcer |
| DVT | deep venous thrombosis |
| EC | emergency contraception |
| ECG | electrocardiogram |
| ECT | electroconvulsive therapy |
| EEG | electroencephalogram |
| EFV | efavirenz |
| EFW | estimated fetal weight |
| e.g. | example |
| eGFR | estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate |
| ELISA | enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay |
| E or EMB | ethambutol |
| EML | essential medicines list |
| EPI | expanded programme on immunisation |
| EPO | erythropoietin |
| ESR | erythrocyte sedimenatation rate |
| ESRD | end-stage renal disease |
| FAMSA | Families South Africa |
| FBC | full blood count |
| FDC | fixed dose combination |
| FEV1 | forced expiratory volume in 1 second |
| FFP | fresh frozen plasma |
| FH | familial hyperlipidaemia |
| FiO2 | fraction of inspired oxygen |
| FPG | fasting plasma glucose |
| FSH | follicle stimulating hormone |
| FTA-ABS | fluorescent treponemal antibody absorption |
| FTC | emtricitabine |
| FVC | forced vital capacity |
| g | gram |
| G6PD | glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase |
| GDM | gestational diabetes mellitus |
| GGT | gamma-glutamyl transferase |
| GI(T) | gastrointestinal (tract) |
| GORD | gastro-oesophageal reflux disease |
| GU | gastric ulcer |
| GUS | genital ulcer syndrome |
| H or INH | isoniazid |
| Ham-D | Hamilton Depression Rating Scale |
| HAP | hospital-acquired pneumonia |
| Hb | haemoglobin |
| HbA1c | haemoglobin A1c |
| HBeAg | hepatitis B e antigen |
| HBIG | hepatits B immunoglobulin |
| HbS | sickle haemoglobin |
| HBsAb | hepatitis B surface antibody |
| HBsAg | hepatitis B surface antigen |
| HbSS | sickle cell haemoglobin |
| HBV | hepatitis B virus |
| HCl | hydrochloric acid |
| HCO3 | bicarbonate |
| HCV | hepatitis C virus |
| HCW | healthcare workers |
| HCTZ | hydrochlorothiazide |
| HDL | high density lipoprtein |
| HE | hepatic encephalopathy |
| HELLP syndrome | haemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, low platelet count syndrome |
| Hep B | hepatitis B |
| HHS | hyperglycaemic hyperosmolar syndrome |
| HIV | human immunodeficiency virus |
| HMGCoA | 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutarylcoenzyme A (statin) |
| H2O | water |
| HR | heart rate |
| HSV | herpes simplex virus |
| HT | hormone therapy |
| ICS | inhaled corticosteroid |
| ICU | intensive care unit |
| IgG | immunoglobulin G |
| IgM | immunoglobulin M |
| IHD | ischaemic heart disease |
| IM | intramuscular |
| INR | international normalized ratio |
| InSTI | integrase inhibitor |
| IOP | intraocular pressure |
| IRIS | immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome |
| ITP | Immune thrombocytopenia |
| iu | international units |
| IUCD | intrauterine contraceptive device |
| IV | intravenous |
| J | Joule |
| K | potassium |
| kg | kilogram |
| KS | Kaposi Sarcoma |
| L | litre |
| LABA | long-acting beta2 agonist |
| LAM (urine test) | lipoarabinomannan (urine test) |
| LBBB | left bundle branch block |
| LDH | lactate dehydrogenase |
| LDL (-C) | low density lipoprotein (-cholesterol) |
| LGV | Lymphogranuloma Venereum |
| LH | luteinising hormone |
| LMWH | low molecular weight heparin |
| LNG | levonorgestrel |
| LP | lumbar puncture |
| LPA | line probe assay |
| LoE | level of evidence |
| LPV/r | lopinavir/ritonavir |
| LV | left ventricular |
| M | molar |
| m2 | square metre |
| MAC | minimum alveolar concentration |
| MAP | mean arterial pressure |
| mcg | microgram |
| MCH | mean corpuscular haemoglobin |
| MCV | mean corpuscular volume |
| MDEA | 3,4-methylenedioxy-N-ethylamphetamine (“Ice”, “Eve”) |
| MDI | metered dose inhaler |
| MDMA | 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (“Ecstacy”) |
| MDR-TB | multi-drug resistant tuberculosis |
| MERS | Middle East Respiratory Syndrome |
| MERS-CoV | Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus |
| mg | milligram |
| MHCA | Mental Health Care Act No. 17 of 2002 |
| MHCU | mental health care user |
| MI | myocardial infarction |
| MIC | Minimum Inhibitory Concentration |
| mL | millilitre |
| mm3 | Cubic millimetre |
| mmHg | Millimeters mercury |
| mmol | millimole |
| mOsm | milliosmole |
| MRI | magnetic resonance imaging |
| MRSA | Methicillin resistant Staphyloccal aureus |
| MTB | Mycobacterium tuberculosis |
| MU | million units |
| MUS | male urethritis syndrome |
| MVA | manual vacuum aspiration |
| Na | sodium |
| NAC | N-acetylcysteine |
| NaCl | sodium chloride |
| NCD | non-communicable disease |
| NDMR | non-depolarising muscle relaxant |
| NEMLC | National Essential Medicines List Committee |
| NERD | non-erosive reflux disease |
| ng | nanogram |
| NGO | non-government organisation |
| NGT | nasogastric tube |
| NHLS | National Helath Laboratory Services |
| NICD | National Institute of Communicable Diseases |
| NICE | National Institute for Health and Care Excellence |
| NMA | normetanephrine |
| nmol | nanomole |
| NRTI | nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor |
| NNT | number needed to treat |
| NPH insulin | Neutral Protamine Hagedorn insulin |
| NRS | numeric rating scale |
| NSAID(s) | non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug(s) |
| NST | non-stress test |
| NSTEMI | non-ST elevation myocardial infarction |
| NTD | neurotubular defect |
| NVP | nevirapine |
| NYHA | New York Heart Association (functional classification) |
| OOWS | objective opioid withdrawal scale |
| ORS | oral rehydration solution |
| OT | occupational therapy |
| PaCO2 | partial pressure of carbon dioxide in arterial blood |
| PaO2 | partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood |
| PAIR | percutaneous aspiration injection of helminthicidal agent and re-aspiration |
| PANSS | Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale |
| PCA | patient controlled analgesia |
| PCI | percutaneous coronary intervention |
| PCR | protein creatinine ratio/polymerase chain reaction |
| PCV13 | polyvalent conjugated vaccine (13-valent) |
| PEA | pulseless electrical activity |
| PEF | peak expiratory flow |
| PEG | polyethylene glyco |
| PEG (scale) | pain, enjoyment and general activity (scale) |
| PEP | post exposure prophylaxis |
| pH | acidity (partial pressure of hydrogen) |
| PHC | primary health care |
| PI | protease inhibitor |
| PID | pelvic inflammatory disease |
| PLHIV | people living with HIV |
| PMTCT | prevention of mother to child transmission |
| PO4 | phosphate |
| PONV | postoperative nausea and vomiting |
| PPG | post prandial plasma glucose |
| PPH | post-partum haemorrhage |
| PPI | proton pump inhibitor |
| PPROM | preterm prelabour rupture of membranes |
| PROM | prelabour rupture of membranes at term |
| PPS23 | pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (23- valent) |
| PT | Prothrombin time |
| PTH | parathyroid hormone |
| PTL | preterm labour |
| PTT | prolonged partial thromboplastin time |
| PV | per vagina (vaginal route) |
| PZA or Z | pyrazinamide |
| RA | rheumatoid arthritis |
| RAAS | Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system |
| RAL | raltegravir |
| R or RIF | rifampicin |
| RBC | red blood cell |
| Rh | Rhesus |
| RH | rifampicin/isoniazid combination |
| RHZE | rifampicin/isoniazid/pyrazinamide/ethambutol combination |
| RNA | rheumatoid factor |
| RPR | rapid plasma reagin |
| RRT | renal replacement therapy |
| RSTI | repeated supratherapeutic ingestion |
| RUT | rapid urease test |
| SABA | short-acting beta2 agonist |
| SANCA | South African Nursing Council |
| SAPS | South African Police Services |
| SBGM | self-blood glucose monitoring |
| SBP | systolic blood pressure |
| SC | subcutaneous |
| SIADH | syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) |
| SJS | Stevens-Johnson Syndrome |
| SL | sublingual |
| SLE | systemic lupus erythematosus |
| SPEP | serum protein electrophoresis |
| SSRI | selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitor |
| STEMI | ST elevation myocardial infarction |
| STD/ STI | sexually transmitted disease/infection |
| STG | standard treatment guideline |
| SVC | superior vena cava |
| T3 | triiodothyonine |
| T4 | thyroxine |
| TB | tuberculosis |
| TMB | tuberculosis meningitis |
| TBSA | total body surface area |
| TCA | tricyclic antidepressants |
| TDD | total daily dose |
| TDF | tenofovir |
| TEN | Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis |
| TFT | thyroid function test |
| TIA | transient ischaemic attack |
| TIP | transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic |
| TOD | target organ damage |
| TOP | termination of pregnancy |
| TP | Treponema pallidum |
| TPHA | Treponema pallidum haemagglutination assay |
| TPN | total parenteral nutrition |
| TPT | tuberculosis preventive therapy |
| TSH | thyroid stimulating hormone |
| TTP-HUS | thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura-Haemolytic uraemic syndrome |
| UA | unstable angina |
| UDV | unit dose vial |
| ULN | upper limit of normal |
| UE | ung emulsificans (emulsifying ointment) |
| UTI | urinary tract infection |
| v | volt |
| VAP | ventilator-associated pneumonia |
| VDRL test | venereal disease research laboratory test |
| VDS | vaginal discharge syndrome |
| VF | ventricular fibrillation |
| VHF | viral haemorrhagic fevers |
| VL | viral load |
| VSD | ventricular septal defect |
| VTE | Venous thromboembolism |
| VT | ventricular tachycardia |
| VWF | von Willebrand factor |
| VZIG | varicella-zoster immunoglobulin |
| WCC | white cell count |
| WHO | World Health Organisation |
| WHO DAS | WHO Disability Assessment Schedule |
| WOCP | women of childbearing potential |
| WPW | Wolf-Parkinson-White |
| XDR-TB | extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis |
| YMRS | Young Mania Rating Scale |
Standard Treatment Guidelines and Essential Medicines List for South Africa, Hospital Level, Adults 2019 Edition