Guidelines

42 entries

Speciality / institutional guidelines

Obesity in PregnancyObesity in Pregnancy→
Objectives of Antenatal CareThe guidelines recommend management of common obstetric conditions at primary and referral level, based on local experience and evidence-based practice. They are not intended as strict protocols nor as standard operating procedures, but rather as a guide to safe effective management of common obstetric problems. The guidelines should be most useful to interns, medical officers and registrars.→
Obstetric EmergenciesObstetric Emergencies→
Obstetric TerminologyThe guidelines recommend management of common obstetric conditions at primary and referral level, based on local experience and evidence-based practice. They are not intended as strict protocols nor as standard operating procedures, but rather as a guide to safe effective management of common obstetric problems. The guidelines should be most useful to interns, medical officers and registrars.→
Open FracturesOpen Fractures→
Opioid AnalgesicsGeneral principles and management of cancer pain in adults→
Opioid Minimisation for Acute Pain ManagementPrescription opioid addiction and overdose Postoperative opioid respiratory depression Interventions to reduce opioid requirements following general anaesthesia Opioid-free analgesia Conclusion For at least 10 000 years, opiates derived from the opium poppy were the only reliable analgesics used by humans. During the twentieth century, synthetic opioids were increasingly used, particularly i→
Opioid PharmacologyThis guideline is endorsed by the following professional groups: Cape Pelvic Pain Society, PainSA, South African Rheumatism and Arthritis Association, and South African Society of Anaesthesiologists.→
Opioid ToleranceAlso see opioid tolerance in the ICU – Intensive Care Unit Opioid tolerance is a common cause for the failure of opioid analgesia. Exposure to an opioid, particularly as the sole analgesic, gives rise to pharmacodynamic tolerance (loss of activity, not due to faster drug clearance but to decreased analgesic effect). Tolerance develops to the adverse effects of opioids, namely sedation, hypoventil→
Oral Amoxicillin-Clavulanate Dosing Guidance for Children >3 Months with Normal Renal FunctionKEY POINTS TO REMEMBER - Oral amoxicillin-clavulanate exists in various formulations of varying amoxicillin-to-clavulanate ratios (liquid – 14:1 & 4:1; tablet – 7:1) - Medication errors may occur if the different formulations are not considered. - Look up the amoxicillin dose in the tables below against the patient’s weight for the various formulations, given the specific indic→
Orbital CellulitisOrbital Cellulitis→
Ordering Group and Screen (G+S) Pre-operativelyOrdering Group and Screen (G+S) Pre-operatively→
Ordering and Administration of BloodSANBS Clinical Guideline, 6th Edition, 2023→
Organisation of Anaesthesia Services: Anaesthesia Support PersonnelNursing staff Management, supervision and organisation of anaesthesia services Anaesthetic nurses/assistants Recovery room nurses Conclusion and recommendations regarding anaesthesia support personnel The availability of competent assistance to the anaesthesiologist/ anaesthetist/anaesthesia provider (hereafter called anaesthesiologist) by an anaesthetic/anaesthesia assistant, i.e., a dedicated a→
Organisation of Anaesthesia Services: Duties of an Anaesthesia ProviderOrganisation of anaesthesia services Duties of an anaesthesia provider Anaesthesia providers Organisation of anaesthesia services In medicine, including anaesthesia, teamwork is emphasised. A proposed ideal surgical team would include: Surgeons Surgeon assistants Anaesthesiologists Anaesthesia assistants Nursing personnel (including a scrub nurse and floor nurse) Clinical technicians Clinical ana→
Organisation of Anaesthesia Services: Guidelines on Professional Health and WellbeingIntroduction Personal responsibilities of the anaesthesia provider Institutional responsibilities Recommendations Responsibilities toward healthcare workers, trainees and colleagues Legal responsibilities Introduction Many factors can contribute to the provider’s inability to function at their highest performance level, which ultimately impacts patient safety. These include work-related factors,→
Organisation of Anaesthesia Services: Hours of Work Background Recommendations Categories of staff and level of hospital Staff-to-workload ratios Background The basis for consideration of working hours in anaesthesia care is the need for clinical services to be provided 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. This necessitates a shift system with regular and after-hours work, as well as work on weekends and public holidays. For clinical platfor→
Organisation of Anaesthesia Services: Peer ReviewClinical governance is defined as a system through which health services are responsible and accountable for: continuously improving services, safeguarding high standards of care, and ensuring the best clinical outcomes for patient care. The system of governance includes the following aspects of clinical risk management: Mortality and morbidity reviews. Adverse events and near-misses reporting an→
Organisation of Anaesthesia Services: Training and AccreditationBackground Education and training Diploma in Anaesthetics Fellowship training for the specialist anaesthesiologist Sub-speciality training: critical care General training Background Education and training of anaesthesia care providers in South Africa needs to take cognisance of the social setting within which such practice occurs, making them sensitive to both the system and individual needs. Suc→
Organisation of Diabetes CareOrganisation of Diabetes Care→
Organisation of ServicesPatient Flow (Adapted from the policy framework on MDR-TB treatment) Most of the RR-TB care and services should be provided in the outpatient setting according to the National decentralization plan which aligned with our policy framework on decentralized and deinstitutionalized management of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis [10] . Children do not need to be treated by central sites and can→
Organophosphate PoisoningOrganophosphate poisoning→
Orientation Program for Mothers in TCH KMC WardsManagement guidelines for students, interns and registrars on a variety of routine and emergency situations in our neonatal service at Tygerberg Children’s Hospital. Published in 2014.→
Oropharyngeal CandidaInfection Oropharyngeal Candida Brief outline/clinical setting Oropharyngeal and/or oesophageal candidiasis usually occurs in association with underlying HIV infection, diabetes, leukaemia, antimicrobial therapy, steroid use and denture use. In HIV-infected patients, oropharyngeal candidiasis usually occurs in in patients with CD4 counts < 200 cells/µl. Most patients with oropharyngeal c→
OsteoporosisThis booklet is intended as a practical guide to patient care for registrars, medical officers, interns and medical students attached to the gynaecology units at the University of the Witwatersrand Academic Hospitals. Anyone can use it.→
Other High-Risk GroupsAdditional specific TPT guidelines need to be developed for groups at increased risk of TB infection and/or progression to TB disease, such as: 1) inmates in correctional facilities remain a priority for TPT because the confined indoor spaces they share with other people often mean they meet the criteria of ‘significant TB exposure’ 2) healthcare workers also have a high risk of TB and should be→
Other MalignanciesThis guideline is intended as a practical guide to patient care for registrars, medical officers, interns and medical students attached to the gynaecology units at the University of the Witwatersrand Academic Hospitals. Anyone can use it.→
Other Measures to Avert Postoperative PainMechanisms underlying severe postoperative pain may include sociodemographic influences, previous postoperative pain experiences, surgery-related variables (some procedures are more painful than others) and psychological factors. Patients with better coping mechanisms with preoperative pain, usually experience less postoperative pain. In this regard, adequate preoperative analgesia and CBT m→
Other Resources and Important InformationAdverse Drug Reactions Surveillance of all adverse drug reactions (ADRs) is fundamental. Healthcare professionals and consumers are urged to report any ADRs, adverse events following immunisation (AEFI), and product quality concerns to the SAHPRA pharmacovigilance office using one of the following reporting methods: Form requests and submissions via e-mail: adr@sahpra.org.za ( Click here for&nbsp→
Otitis Externa (OE)Infection Otitis externa (OE) Brief outline/clinical setting Acute OE is defined as diffuse inflammation of the ear canal, which may also involve the pinna or tympanic membrane. Acute OE usually occurs rapidly over a 48 hour period. Patients with acute OE present with tenderness and oedema of the tragus, pinna or both, secondary to cellulitis of the ear canal skin and sub-dermis. Patients at risk→
Otitis Media (OM)Infection Otitis media (OM) Brief outline/clinical setting Acute OM is defined as an acute upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) affecting one or both ears, often associated with infection in the rest of the upper respiratory tract. Symptoms vary with age and include otalgia, hearing loss and pyrexia. Middle ear effusion and inflammation of the eardrum have to be confirmed by visualisation of→
Ovarian CancerThis guideline is intended as a practical guide to patient care for registrars, medical officers, interns and medical students attached to the gynaecology units at the University of the Witwatersrand Academic Hospitals. Anyone can use it.→
Ovarian CystectomyThis booklet is intended as a practical guide to patient care for registrars, medical officers, interns and medical students attached to the gynaecology units at the University of the Witwatersrand Academic Hospitals. Anyone can use it.→
Ovarian CystsThis booklet is intended as a practical guide to patient care for registrars, medical officers, interns and medical students attached to the gynaecology units at the University of the Witwatersrand Academic Hospitals. Anyone can use it.→
Overall Flow Diagram for People ≥ 15 Years of AgeFigure: Overall flow diagram for people ≥ 15 years of age Click on the image to enlarge. Click here to access the pdf . National Department of Health Clinical Management of Rifampicin-Resistant Tuberculosis, September 2023 Overall Flow Diagram for People ≥ 15 Years of Age→
Overall Guideline ObjectiveThis guideline aims to outline the four pillars for routine care for women of childbearing age and their families relating to: the prevention of new HIV cases, TB cases, syphilis cases, and other infections the prevention of unintended pregnancies the prevention of vertical transmission of HIV, syphilis, and other infections, and the care and treatment of the women living with, and their children→
OverviewClick on the image to enlarge Click here to open the above PDF 2023 ART Clinical Guidelines for the Management of HIV in Adults, Pregnancy and Breastfeeding, Adolescents, Children, Infants and Neonates June 2023 Version 4 Upload date: 28/07/2023→
OverviewManagement rests on seven integrated pillars. 19 They are: Education about AR and its therapy. Click here for more information. Practical allergen avoidance and exposure reduction strategies. Click here for more information. Nasal douching/irrigation and rinses. Click here for more information. Pharmacological treatment: Click here for more information. Intranasal corticosteroid→
Overview of Transmittable Infections during Pregnancy and the Breastfeeding PeriodOverview of VTP of HIV Syphilis in Pregnancy Tuberculosis in Pregnancy Malaria in Pregnancy Hepatitis B in Pregnancy Listeriosis, Zika and Other Infections OVERVIEW OF VTP OF HIV South Africa (SA) is committed to achieving the elimination targets outlined in the Last Mile Plan. Whilst significant progress has been made in preventing HIV infections in children, HIV remains the third leading cause→
Overview of the Structure of this GuidelineThe guideline is divided into four parts: 1 Part One: Introduction provides an introduction and background to this guideline. 2 Part Two: Prevention gives guidance around the universal measures to prevent transmission of infections during pregnancy and breastfeeding, prevent HIV, prevent unintended pregnancies, as well as safe conception. 3 Part Three: Charts per Service Delivery Area→
Oxygen TherapyAn approach to symptom management to guide decision-making in the management of patients with life-threatening illness→
Oxygen TherapyHypoxia, hyperoxia, target oxygen saturation monitoring Methods of oxygen delivery Hypoxia, hyperoxia, target oxygen saturation monitoring Hypoxia and hyperoxia are associated with increased morbidity and mortality in neonates. Based on research, the recommended target oxygen saturation for neonates on oxygen therapy is 90–94%. A patient on room air target oxygen saturation is ≥90%. W→