Guidelines
1,823 entriesSpeciality / institutional guidelines
- CommunicationGeneral principles and management of cancer pain in adults→
- Communication and Advance Care PlanningEssential communication with patients and families with ESKD Advance Healthcare Planning Essential communication with patients and families with ESKD Compassionate and effective communication is key to developing a working and trustful relationship between patients, families and healthcare professionals. It requires knowledge about what, with whom and when difficult conversations should be had. A→
- Community Acquired PneumoniaInfection Community acquired pneumonia Brief outline/clinical setting Criteria for CAP: A new pulmonary infiltrate (within 24 h of admission) associated with at least one of the following: 1. A new or increased cough with/without sputum production 2. Fever (>37.8° C ) or hypothermia (<35.6° C), 3. Leukocytosis, a left shift, or leukopenia based on local normal values. Provided there was no→
- Community Acquired Pneumonia in AdultsCommunity acquired pneumonia in adults→
- Community Acquired Pneumonia in ChildrenGuideline on Community Acquired Pneumonia in Children→
- Community Acquired S.aureus BacteraemiaInfection Community acquired S.aureus bacteraemia Brief outline/clinical setting S. aureus is a leading cause of bacteraemia, infective endocarditis, osteoarticular, skin and soft tissue and pleuropulmonary infections. Aetiologies/organisms S.aureus Optimal antimicrobial selection Cloxacillin 2g IVI bolus, then 2g IVI 6hrly as extended infusion where possible. If infusion is not possible, dosing→
- Community Acquired Sepsis of Unknown OriginInfection Community acquired sepsis of unknown origin Brief outline/clinical setting Non-neutropenic adult with a clinical syndrome of sepsis where a source has not/cannot be identified Patient has signs of organ dysfunction and requires admission Aetiologies/organisms S.aureus, E.coli, K.pneumoniae, E.cloacae, Proteus spp, Enterococcus spp, S.pneumoniae, N.meningitidis , anaerobic organisms unco→
- Community Acquired non-S.aureus Bacteraemia HIV Infected Adults Not on ARV’sInfection Community acquired non-S.aureus bacteraemia HIV INFECTED ADULTS NOT ON ARV’s Brief outline/clinical setting Non-typhoidal Salmonella bacteraemia occurs commonly in immunocompromised patients and is an AIDS-defining condition. Aetiologies/organisms Salmonella enterica Optimal antimicrobial selection Ceftriaxone 1g IVI BD Duration tailor therapy according to culture results. Total duratio→
- Community Acquired non-S.aureus Bacteraemia Intra-abdominal SourceInfection Community acquired non-S.aureus bacteraemia INTRA-ABDOMINAL SOURCE Brief outline/clinical setting Community acquired sepsis, suspected primary peritonitis, or intra-abdominal or biliary tract source Aetiologies/organisms Enterobacterales , Enterococcus spp . Optimal antimicrobial selection Amoxicillin- clavulanate 1.2g IVI 8hrly Duration Maximum 72 hrs- culture results should available→
- Community Acquired non-S.aureus Bacteraemia Suspected PneumoniaInfection Community acquired non-S.aureus bacteraemia SUSPECTED PNEUMONIA Brief outline/clinical setting Community acquired sepsis, suspected pneumonia as source Aetiologies/organisms S.pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Staphylococcus aureus and gram-negative bacilli (such as Klebsiella pneumoniae), Influenza virus, SARS CoV2 Optimal antimicrobial selection - Outpatient- Amoxicillin 1g 8hly PO→
- Community Acquired non-S.aureus Bacteraemia Urinary SourceInfection Community acquired non-S.aureus bacteraemia URINARY SOURCE Brief outline/clinical setting Urosepsis is the clinical evidence of severe infection of the urogenital tract with features consistent with systemic inflammation. Culture mandatory: Asymptomatic bacteriuria should not be treated except in pregnancy. Urosepsis in patients from long-term care facilities are NOT regarded as communi→
- Comorbidities Associated with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)Mineral Bone Disorder May manifest with hyperparathyroidism and associated with radiological signs of active bone disease or with adynamic bone disease with growth failure. Main factors associated with hyperparathyroidism include: high serum phosphate level, low serum calcium level and metabolic acidosis. For the more information on the comorbidities and the management of comorbidities see. 6-8 C→
- Comparative Table of Selected Intravenous Fluids (MMOL/L)Management guidelines for students, interns and registrars on a variety of routine and emergency situations in our neonatal service at Tygerberg Children’s Hospital. Published in 2014.→
- Complex Pain and Bleeding in a Pregnant PatientComplex pain & bleeding in a pregnant patient→
- Complicated UTIInfection Complicated UTI Brief outline/clinical setting defined as symptomatic cystitis in men, patients with structural abnormalities of the urinary tract (UT) or indwelling catheters and pregnant women, or conditions leading to an immunocompromised state, e.g. HIV, diabetes. Important to submit urine for MC&S prior to starting therapy Aetiologies/organisms Enterobacterales: E. coli, K. pne→
- Complications of Hysterectomy and LaparotomyThis booklet is intended as a practical guide to patient care for registrars, medical officers, interns and medical students attached to the gynaecology units at the University of the Witwatersrand Academic Hospitals. Anyone can use it.→
- Composition of Some Infant Milk Formulas (Per 100ml)Management guidelines for students, interns and registrars on a variety of routine and emergency situations in our neonatal service at Tygerberg Children’s Hospital. Published in 2014.→
- ConclusionAllergic rhinitis causes significant, often unappreciated, morbidity in the community. It is a complex disease related to an inflammatory response to environmental allergens. Therapy involves education, evaluation of allergen sensitisation, pharmacological treatment, AIT and evaluation of the success of interventions. Regular use of saline, the important role of INCS, including those combined wit→
- ConclusionThe development of guidelines and recommendations for PSA screening has been challenging. The authors have had to strike a balance and make recommendations applicable to both a well-resourced private sector and an under-resourced public sector. Epidemiological data showing the burden of disease, especially the rates of advanced disease in the coloured and black SA populations, [3,4,37-40] suggest→
- ConclusionConclusion→
- ConclusionThese are the approved guidelines published by the South African Society of Psychiatrists to provide an overview on treatment and management of commonly diagnosed psychiatric illnesses. The guidelines include consensus recommendations, based on peer contribution and using the international evidence based guidelines that are suitable for the local South African health service.→
- ConclusionConclusion→
- ConclusionIn the context of the need to limit the access of some patients to ICU because of lack of intensive care resources in public hospitals, these recommendations were developed to improve patient care, and guide policy-making in SA. While several of the consensus group were chosen for their clinical expertise and experience in triage and the practice of intensive care in resource-limited environments→
- ConclusionCurrent urological trauma guidelines provide comprehensive guidance on the recognition, diagnosis, management, and follow-up of patients with bladder injury. The guidelines reviewed provide recommendations through panel consensus after reviewing the available research and thereafter assigning the appropriate LoE. Importantly, the major aspects of diagnosis and management are similar across all gu→
- Conclusion, References & Further ReadingThis guideline is endorsed by the following professional groups: Cape Pelvic Pain Society, PainSA, South African Rheumatism and Arthritis Association, and South African Society of Anaesthesiologists.→
- ConclusionsProposed research agenda (adults and paediatrics) Recommendations Proposed research agenda (adults and paediatrics) Determine the actual number of patients who require palliative and supportive care due to ESKD. This should be accompanied by a needs assessment of the ESKD patient and their families so as to develop a strategic and comprehensive approach to address the unique needs of our country→
- Conclusions & DisclosureCurrent data suggests that HIF-PHIs are non-inferior to conventional ESA in maintaining haemoglobin concentration in both non-dialysis and dialysis dependent CKD. The cardiovascular safety of HIF-PHI over conventional ESA has not definitively been established, and the class may be associated with increased risk of thrombosis. Patients with active or recent malignancy, and those living with polycy→
- Conditions Causing AmenorrhoeaThis booklet is intended as a practical guide to patient care for registrars, medical officers, interns and medical students attached to the gynaecology units at the University of the Witwatersrand Academic Hospitals. Anyone can use it.→
- Conditions Commonly Mistaken for Sexual AbuseThe following conditions are commonly mistaken for child abuse Urethral prolapse Lichen sclerosis Vulvar ulcers Rectal prolapse Anal fissures (especially with a history of chronic constipation, or in the absence of a history of abuse) Molluscum contagiosum (not generally a sexually transmitted infection) Urinary tract infections Vaginal discharge secondary to poor hygiene, worms or allergy→
- Congenital Penile PathologyIntroduction Background Important details on history Important details on examination Making the diagnosis Buried Penis or Congenital Megaprepuce Hypospadias Epispadias Ambiguous Genitalia SETTING Primary and Secondary Healthcare Institutions in the Western Cape which refer to Red Cross War Memorial Children’s Hospital (RCWMCH) FOR STAFF Primary and Secondary Doctors and Nurses who refer patients→
- Congenital SyphilisCongenital Syphilis→
- Congenital Syphilis Click on the image to enlarge. Public Health Initiatives on Partner tracing and more . Click here for the pdf . South African National Department of Health, Guideline for VerticalTransmission Prevention of Communicable Infections, Version 2_August 2023→
- ConstipationConstipation→
- ConstipationAn approach to symptom management to guide decision-making in the management of patients with life-threatening illness→
- Constipation at Primary Care LevelIntroduction Background Important details on history Important details on examination Important special investigations at primary Referral guidance Management guidance at primary care Parental Counselling References SETTING Primary Healthcare Institutions in the Western Cape which refer to Red Cross War Memorial Children’s Hospital (RCWMCH) FOR STAFF Primary Care Nurses and Doctors who refe→
- Constipation at Secondary Care LevelIntroduction Background Important details on history Important details on examination Important baseline investigations Referral guidance Management guidance Parental counselling References SETTING Secondary Healthcare Institutions in the Western Cape which refer to Red Cross War Memorial Children’s Hospital (RCWMCH) FOR STAFF Primary and Secondary Doctors and Nurses who refer patients to RCWMCH→
- Contextual Critical CareMultidisciplinary team Outreach Non-ICU critical care Rehabilitation Critical care and society Communication with family/surrogate decision makers Data collection Research Audit Multidisciplinary team Critically ill patients should be cared for by a multidisciplinary team including medical practitioners, nursing staff, dieticians, microbiologists, pharmacists, physiotherapists, psychologists, soc→
- ContraceptionThis booklet is intended as a practical guide to patient care for registrars, medical officers, interns and medical students attached to the gynaecology units at the University of the Witwatersrand Academic Hospitals. Anyone can use it.→
- Contraindications For Initiation or Ongoing Treatment with Continuous Subcutaneous Insulin InfusionContraindications For Initiation or Ongoing Treatment with Continuous Subcutaneous Insulin Infusion→
- Contrast-Induced AKIDefine and stage AKI after administration of intravascular contrast media as per Recommendations AKI Definition . (Not Graded) In individuals who develop changes in kidney function after administration of intravascular contrast media, evaluate for CI-AKI as well as for other possible causes of AKI. (Not Graded) Assess the risk for CI-AKI and, in particular, screen for pre-existing impairment of k→
- Contributors and AcknowledgementsContributors and Acknowledgements→
- Contributors to this GuidelineContributor Speciality Email Dr. Vindana Chibabhai (Chair) Microbiology vindana.chibabhai@nhls.ac.za Dr. Trusha Nana Microbiology trusha.nana@nhls.ac.za Dr. Marianne Black Microbiology marianne.black@nhls.ac.za Prof. Guy Richards (Reviewer) Internal Medicine Guy.Richards@wits.ac.za Dr. Manoko Seabi Internal Medicine Manoko.Seabi@wits.ac.za Dr Didintle Mokgoko Internal Medicine d.mokgoko@gm→
- Controlling the Spread of COVID-19 at Ground CrossingsInterim Guidance 20 May 2020 COVID-19: Travel, Points of Entry and Mass Gatherings→
- ConvulsionsAn approach to symptom management to guide decision-making in the management of patients with life-threatening illness→
- Cooling Of Neonates With Suspected HIE At TCH Guidelines For TreatmentManagement guidelines for students, interns and registrars on a variety of routine and emergency situations in our neonatal service at Tygerberg Children’s Hospital. Published in 2014.→
- Corneal Foreign BodyCorneal Foreign Body→
- Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Quick Reference for Health WorkersQuick Reference for Health Workers, Published 27 May 2020→
- Correct Techniques of Microbiological SamplingThis guideline aims to assist healthcare workers with antibiotic prescribing for common clinical syndromes in adult patients in South Africa, utilizing Local and International guidelines, key publications, and expert opinion.→
- CorrosivesCorrosives→
- CostsThis guideline provides an overview of the recommended Adult ADHD assessment steps, differentials to be considered and options for treatment according to the best available evidence based guidelines.→