Guidelines
437 entriesNDoH Primary Healthcare STG
- ToxoplasmosisDescription Medicine Treatment Referral B58 + (B20.8) DESCRIPTION Initial diagnosis can only be made at hospital level. MEDICINE TREATMENT Cotrimoxazole, oral, 320/1600 mg 12 hourly for 4 weeks. Then 160/800 mg 12 hourly for 12 weeks. Secondary prophylaxis Cotrimoxazole, oral 160/800 mg daily. Continue until the CD4 count has risen to >200 cells/mm 3 on ART. Commence ART. REFERRAL→
- Treatment of More than One STI SyndromeSexually Transmitted Infections→
- Treatment of PartnersSexually Transmitted Infections→
- TuberculosisSee: Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) Click here to access the pdf . Note: notifiable medical condition. Standard Treatment Guidelines and Essential Medicines List for South Africa, Primary Healthcare, 2020-2024_Version 1.1_20 January 2025 Chapter 10: Infections and Related Conditions_10.16 Tuberculosis→
- Tuberculosis (TB)See Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) . Click here to access the pdf . Standard Treatment Guidelines and Essential Medicines List for South Africa, Primary Healthcare_V1.0_26 February 2026 Chapter 11: Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (HIV AND AIDS)_11.3 Opportunistic Infections, Treatment in Adult_1.3.16 Tuberculosis (TB)→
- Tuberculosis Preventive Therapy (TPT)Please click on the link below to access the most up-to-date version of this guideline. The content on this page is currently being updated to align with the latest publication. Always check the version number at the bottom of the screen to confirm which version you are using. Click here to access the Primary Health Care - PHC Chapter 11: Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Acquired Immune Deficienc→
- Tuberculosis, ExtrapulmonaryDescription Referral ICD-10 codes: A18.0-8 Note: notifiable medical condition. DESCRIPTION Extra-pulmonary tuberculosis is defined as infection of organ systems other than the lung with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Extra-pulmonary TB can present with non-specific symptoms such as unintentional weight loss (> 1.5kg in a month), night sweats, and fever for more than 2 weeks. Other symptoms→
- Type 1 Diabetes MellitusEndocrine Conditions→
- Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus, in AdultsEndocrine Conditions→
- Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus, in Children and AdolescentsEndocrine Conditions→
- Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, AdultsType 2 Diabetes Mellitus→
- Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, in AdolescentsType 1 Diabetes Mellitus→
- Typhoid FeverDescription Medicine Treatment Referral ICD-10 code: A01.0 Note: This is a notifiable condition. DESCRIPTION A septicaemic illness with fever caused by the micro-organism Salmonella typhi. The cause of the fever is difficult to diagnose except in an epidemic. It may present with: acute abdomen (see Section 2.1: Abdominal pain). prolonged or high fever in a previously healthy individual. fever wit→
- Typhoid FeverSee: Typhoid Fever . Click here to access the pdf . Standard Treatment Guidelines and Essential Medicines List for South Africa, Primary Healthcare, 2020-2024_Version 1.1_20 January 2025 Chapter 10: Infections and Related Conditions_10.15 Typhoid Fever→
- Uncomplicated GingivitisICD-10 codes: K05.0 / K05.1 Description Prophylaxis and General Measures Medicines Treatment DESCRIPTION An inflammation of the gum margin causing the gums to separate from the teeth. Pockets (recesses) form between the gums and the teeth. Pus and bacteria can collect in these pockets, eventually causing periodontitis. See Periodontitis. Characteristics of uncomplicated gingivitis: M→
- Uncomplicated PneumoniaPneumonia in Adults→
- Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)Description General Measures Medicine Treatment Referral N10/N30.9/N39.0/O23.4 DESCRIPTION Urinary tract infections may involve the upper or lower urinary tract. Infections may be complicated or uncomplicated. Uncomplicated UTI is a lower UTI, where there are no functional or anatomical anomalies in the urinary tract, no kidney impairment, or no concomitant disease that would promote→
- Urinary tract infection, in pregnancy *New*Standard Treatment Guidelines and Essential Medicines List for South Africa, Primary Healthcare Level, Updated for the 2023 Edition→
- UrticariaAllergies→
- Useful Numbers and URL linksUseful Numbers and Url Links→
- Using the Road to Health BookletUsing the road to health booklet→
- Vaccines for Routine AdministrationThe contents of this chapter are based on the current recommendations from the National Advisory Group on Immunisation (NAGI). BCG ( Bacillus calmette-guerin ) Hexavalent (DTaP-IPV-HB-Hib) vaccine Tdap (Tetanus, reduced diphtheria and acellular pertussis vaccine) bOPV (Oral polio vaccine) RV (Rotavirus vaccine) PCV (Pneumococcal conjugated vaccine) Measles/Rubella Vaccine and Form→
- Vaginal BleedingAbnormal vaginal bleeding during reproductive years Post-menopausal bleeding Note: Women should receive regular screening for cervical cancer after the age of 30 years. Any opportunity to perform screening should be taken; this includes taking pap smears during pregnancy. ABNORMAL VAGINAL BLEEDING DURING REPRODUCTIVE YEARS N92.0-2/3-6 DESCRIPTION Increased vaginal blood flow in either volume, dur→
- Vaginal Discharge Syndrome (VDS)Vaginal Discharge Syndrome (VDS)→
- Vaginal Ulcers *New*See Genital ulcer syndrome (GUS) . Standard Treatment Guidelines and Essential Medicines List for South Africa, Primary Healthcare Level, Updated for the 2023 Edition→
- Vaginal discharge/lower abdominal pain in women *New*See: Vaginal discharge syndrome (VDS) and Lower abdominal pain (LAP) Standard Treatment Guidelines and Essential Medicines List for South Africa, Primary Healthcare Level, Updated for the 2023 Edition→
- Valvular Heart Disease and Congenital Structural Heart DiseaseValvular Heart Disease and Congenital Structural Heart Disease→
- Viral Haemorrhagic Fever (VHF)Description General Measures Management Referral ICD-10 codes: A98.0-5/ A98.8/A99/A91 Note: notifiable medical conditions. Consult the most recent Viral Haemorrhagic Fever Guidelines from the National Department of Health. DESCRIPTION Viral haemorrhagic fevers (VHF) are uncommon conditions in South Africa. They may present with non-specific signs or with signs strongly suggestive of VH→
- Visual ProblemsEye Conditions→
- Vitamin A deficiency *New*ICD-10 codes: E50.0 , E50.1 , E50.2 , E50.3 , E50.4 , E50.5 , E50.6 , E50.7 , E50.8 , E50.9 Description General measures Medicine treatment Referral DESCRIPTION A condition predominantly affecting the skin, mucous membranes and the eyes. It is most common in children of 1 - 5 years of age. If associated with measles and diarrhoea there is an increased risk of illness and death. If not ident→
- Vitamin B1/thiamine deficiency (Wernicke encephalopathy and beriberi) *New*ICD-10 codes: E51.1 , E51.2 / E51.8 , E51.9 Description General measures Medicine treatment Referral DESCRIPTION Clinical features include: confusion. short-term memory loss. paralysis of one or more of the ocular muscles or ophthalmoplegia. nystagmus. ataxia. peripheral neuropathy. cardiac failure. Alcoholics may present with Wernicke encephalopathy, neuropathies or cardiac failure associated wi→
- Vitamin B3/nicotinic acid deficiency (pellagra) *New*ICD-10 code: E52 Description General measures Medicine treatment Referral DESCRIPTION Pellagra is a condition associated with nicotinic acid deficiency. It is usually accompanied by other vitamin deficiencies. Clinical features include: diarrhoea. dementia. dermatitis with darkening of sun-exposed skin. GENERAL MEASURES Lifestyle adjustment including discouraging of alcohol abuse. Dietary advice.→
- Vitamin B6/pyridoxine deficiency *New*ICD-10 code: E53.1 Description General measures Medicine treatment Referral DESCRIPTION Commonly presents as signs of peripheral neuropathy including: tingling sensation. burning pain or numbness of the feet. Pyridoxine deficiency is related to: malnutrition. alcoholism. isoniazid or combination TB therapy. GENERAL MEASURES Dietary advice: Increase intake of pyridoxine rich foods such as: Liver,→
- VitiligoVitiligo→
- Voluntary Sterilisation, Male and FemaleZ30.2 Female sterilisation Also known as tubal occlusion or tubal ligation. This is a permanent, surgical contraceptive method for women who do not intend to have more children. Women who opt for sterilisation should be adequately counselled and referred. Male sterilisation Also known as vasectomy. This is a permanent surgical contraceptive method for men who do not intend to have more children.→
- WHO Weight ReferencesWHO Weight References→
- WartsPlease click on the link below to access the most up-to-date version of this guideline. The content on this page is currently being updated to align with the latest publication. Always check the version number at the bottom of the screen to confirm which version you are using. Click here to access the Primary-Healthcare-Chapter-5-Skin-Conditions-with-Supporting-NEMLC-Report-2020-4-Review-Version-→