Guidelines

119 entries

Speciality / institutional guidelines

Special SituationsMajor haemorrhage Critical care Obstetrics Paediatrics Trauma Cardiac surgery Neuroanaesthesia Minimising anaemia and transfusion Antifibrinolytic therapy Cell salvage Major haemorrhage Major haemorrhage – initial resuscitation Consensus Grade 5.1 FDP can be substituted for FFP in the South African context. Yes B 5.2 15–20 ml/kg is the correct initial dose of FDP. Yes B 5.3 15–20 ml/→
Specialist Clinic RosterDistrict level hospital guidelines applicable for interns and comm service doctors. Published in 2016→
Specialist ClinicsDistrict level hospital guidelines applicable for interns and comm service doctors. Published in 2016→
Specific Considerations in Different Surgical DisciplinesGeneral surgery Vascular surgery Cardiothoracic surgery Neurosurgery Orthopaedic surgery General surgery Local anaesthesia and regional anaesthesia, especially epidural analgesia after laparotomy, should be offered whenever possible. Vascular surgery Patients presenting for vascular surgery often suffer from several comorbidities, including hypertension, ischaemic heart disease, lung disease, ren→
Specific InfectionsImpetigo Cellulitis Abscess BCG Adenitis Necrotising Skin and Soft Tissue Infection Pyomyositis Toxic Shock Syndrome (TSS) Impetigo Impetigo are discrete, purulent lesions which occur most commonly on exposed body parts (such as face and extremities). They are most common between the age 2 - 5 years but can occur outside this age bracket. Lesions may be bullous or non-bu→
Spinal Cord CompressionAn approach to symptom management to guide decision-making in the management of patients with life-threatening illness→
Standard Operating Procedure for the Prevention, Containment and Management of COVID-19 in Schools and School CommunitiesMay 2020→
Standards of MonitoringAnxiety levels and behaviour, such as confusion, restlessness and agitation Level of consciousness and depth of sedation Pain and degree of discomfort Airway patency Oxygenation and mucosal colour Breathing, respiratory rate and ventilation Heart rate and rhythm Non-invasive blood pressure Operator-dependent factors Minimum monitoring standards The principles of monitoring are described by the Ac→
Staphylococcus Aureus BacteraemiaThis guideline aims to assist healthcare workers with antibiotic prescribing for common clinical syndromes in adult patients in South Africa, utilizing Local and International guidelines, key publications, and expert opinion.→
Status EpilepticusStatus Epilepticus→
Stepwise Healthcare Interventions for Pain (SHIP)The Stepwise Healthcare Interventions for Pain (SHIP) model for pain management→
Sterilisation and DisinfectionSADA COVID-19 Guidelines, May 2020→
Stopping Breastfeeding and Care of the HIV-exposed but Uninfected InfantStopping Breastfeeding Indications for Formula Feeding to be provided by the Dept of Health Supplementation Scheme Care of the HIV-Exposed but uninfected infant Routine Child Health Management Routine Management for the HIV-Exposed Infant Additional Management for the HEU Infant Ongoing Care for the Mother and her Family Stopping Breastfeeding Mothers liv→
Strength of Recommendations Taxonomy (SORT)The strength of recommendations taxonomy→
Stroke Patient Acute Treatment FormClick on the image to enlarge. Click here for the pdf . Angels Initiative South Africa _ Registered Nurse rtPA Treatment Pack_2024→
Stroke Physician Clinical DecisionClick on the image to enlarge. Click here for the pdf . Angels Initiative South Africa _ Stroke Physician Clinical Decision Pack_2024→
Subsequent & Referral Antenatal VisitsThe guidelines recommend management of common obstetric conditions at primary and referral level, based on local experience and evidence-based practice. They are not intended as strict protocols nor as standard operating procedures, but rather as a guide to safe effective management of common obstetric problems. The guidelines should be most useful to interns, medical officers and registrars.→
Substance Related PsychosisSubstance Related Psychosis→
Sudden Onset WeaknessSudden Onset Weakness→
Sudden Painless Loss of VisionSudden Painless Loss of Vision→
SummaryThis guideline provides an overview of the recommended Adult ADHD assessment steps, differentials to be considered and options for treatment according to the best available evidence based guidelines.→
SummaryPurpose Recommendations Conclusion In South Africa (SA), intensive care is faced with the challenge of resource scarcity as well as an increasing demand for intensive care unit (ICU) services. ICU services are expensive, and practitioners in low- to middle-income countries experience daily the consequences of limited resources. Critically limited resources necessitate that rationing and triage (p→
SummaryAttention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder is a common neurodevelopmental disorder of childhood, persisting across the lifespan. It is associated with significant morbidity and economic burden. A comprehensive diagnostic assessment and diagnostic certainty prior to initiating drug treatment are crucial. Effective treatments are available, leading to a significant reduction in impairment and improve→
Summary -Oral Healthcare Facility Preparedness Post- Lockdown MeasuresSADA COVID-19 Guidelines, May 2020→
Summary Points Pertaining to the Management of axSpAEarly diagnosis and prompt treatment initiation are essential in the management of axSpA, using the ASAS classification criteria as a reference. Both under-diagnosis and over-diagnosis are prevalent. Management by a rheumatologist-led multidisciplinary team should include pharmacological therapy, physical activity and referral to a patient support organisation. The goal of therapy is to achieve r→
Summary Points for the Management of Peripheral SpADisease activity is measured with the global assessment of PsA, MDA or VLDA, and the goal is MDA or VLDA, or DAPSA if peripheral arthritis, with a goal of low disease activity. A treat-to-target approach should be used, with frequent assessments and escalation or switching of therapy until the goal is achieved. Screening and management of comorbidities are essential, and a holistic approach with→
Summary Practice GuidelinesAssess GFR using the CKD-EPI equation. A calculator for estimating GFR can be found at http://www.kidney.org/professionals/kdoqi/gfr.cfm . This is also available as a smartphone app Refer to a nephrologist when GFR <60 ml/min An AV fistula should be fashioned when the GFR <25ml/min Start HD when GFR is 5-10 ml/min or if symptomatic Adequacy targets for HD: Kt/V >1.2 or URR &gt→
Summary of Changes: Version 1.411. Summary of Changes: Version 1.4 Summary of changes Click on table to enlarge Influenza: NICD recommendations for the diagnosis, management, prevention and public health response, National institute of communicable diseases, 2021 →
Summary of Content: Antimicrobial Prophylaxis for Surgical ProceduresTable III: Altemeier classification of surgical wounds Procedures that need antibiotic prophylaxis Choice of prophylactic antibiotics Timing of prophylactic antibiotics Duration of prophylactic antibiotic therapy Table III: Altemeier classification of surgical wounds Class I: Clean SSI risk < 1% Sterile area of body. Skin intact before surgical incision. Surgery does not involve opening of gas→
Summary of Content: Chain of Infection How microorganisms spread Table I: Modes of transmission How microorganisms spread The chain of infection consists of six links and the healthcare worker’s role (among others) is to prevent or stop the spread of infections by breaking the chain. Causative agent Examples of causative agents are bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protozoa. They are very common in our environment, and most of them→
Summary of Content: Environmental Considerations in Infection Control and PreventionOperating theatre ventilation Forced-air warmers Operating theatre temperature and humidity Environmental cleaning of the operating theatre Surgical attire Please refer to the relevant IUSS guidelines that can be found at www.iussonline.co.za as well as the SASA website. Operating theatre ventilation Every operating theatre complex requires effective central humidity ventilation and air-condition→
Summary of Content: General Principles of Infection ControlGeneral principles A senior member of the anaesthesia staff should be appointed at each hospital to liaise with the infection control team to ensure compliance with best practice standards in infection control in all areas of anaesthetic practice. There must be regular training of healthcare workers in infection control practices. This training must be coupled with monitoring and regular auditing→
Summary of Content: Infection Control Precautions for the Infectious PatientModes of transmission Type of precautions Healthcare workers donning of PPE Healthcare workers doffing of PPE Non-emergency cases should be postponed until the patient is deemed to no longer be infectious. Precautions should be based on the mode of transmission of the specific microorganism. Modes of transmission Direct contact Physical contact with patient and body fluid, soil or vegetation. Dro→
Summary of Content: Infection Control Recommendations for Regional AnaesthesiaCentral neuraxial techniques Peripheral nerve blocks Use of ultrasound Central neuraxial techniques In a patient with known or suspected bacteraemia, prophylactic pre-procedural antibiotic therapy should be considered. Aseptic techniques must be applied during preparation of equipment. A caudal anaesthetic is considered to be a neuraxial technique as the caudal space is a continuation of the epid→
Summary of Content: LaryngoscopesLaryngoscope blades Laryngoscope handles Magill forceps Nasopharyngeal and rectal temperature probe Suction bowl Suction tube Oropharyngeal airways Bougies, and intubation guides and stylets Breathing filters and breathing circuits Bag valve mask resuscitators Supraglottic devices Storage of semi-critical items Non-critical medical equipment surfaces Disposable devices Trans-oesophageal echocardi→
Summary of Content: Prevention of Intravascular Catheter-Related Bloodstream Infection (CRBSI)Placement of central venous catheters Sterile technique for the placement and securing of central venous catheters Catheter dressing and site management Use of catheters and dressings that have associated antimicrobial activity Management of lines and administration sets Placement of peripheral catheters Placement of arterial lines Placement of central venous catheters The subclavian site is pref→
Summary of Content: Safe Injection Practices and Preventing the Contamination of Medication and FluidsNeedles and syringes Infusions, administration sets or items in contact with the vascular system or other sterile body compartments Hand hygiene guidelines Anaesthetic equipment decontamination Needles and syringes Needles and syringes are sterile items, intended for singlepatient use only. A syringe and needle should be considered to be contaminated after contact with a patient, infusion bag or→
Summary of Meta-Analyses and Systematic Reviews Comparing Rapid-Acting insulin Analogues to Short-Acting Regular Human InsulinSummary of Meta-Analyses and Systematic Reviews Comparing Rapid-Acting insulin Analogues to Short-Acting Regular Human Insulin→
Summary of RecommendationsGrading of recommendations Each recommendation has been given a grade, using the following definitions, set by the Australian National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) (Boxes 1 and 2). Box 1. Grading of recommendations Grade A Body of evidence can be trusted to guide practice. Grade B Body of evidence can be trusted to guide practice in most situations. Grade C Body of evidence provide→
Summary of RecommendationsGeneral perioperative measures and management General PBM statements and measures PBM measures for patients expected to bleed significantly during surgery General perioperative measures and management Major haemorrhage – initial resuscitation Major haemorrhage – protocol Critical care Obstetrics Paediatrics Trauma Cardiac surgery Predicting perioperative bleeding Management of preoperative antico→
Summary of What's New in the 2023 Guideline for Vertical Transmission Prevention of Communicable InfectionsClick on the image to enlarge. Click here for the pdf . South African National Department of Health, Guideline for VerticalTransmission Prevention of Communicable Infections, Version 2_August 2023→
Summary of the Care Continuum for Clients 5 years of age and older on ARTClients on ART can be differentiated into those who are: Clinically well and adherent on ART and Those who are clinically non-stable and/or struggling with adherence. Clients that are clinically well at their first clinical review one month after starting ART, only need to be seen again 2 months later for clinical review and their first viral load and serum creatinine. After that, taking treatmen→
Summary pointsThese are the approved guidelines published by the South African Society of Psychiatrists to provide an overview on treatment and management of commonly diagnosed psychiatric illnesses. The guidelines include consensus recommendations, based on peer contribution and using the international evidence based guidelines that are suitable for the local South African health service.→
Summary pointsThese are the approved guidelines published by the South African Society of Psychiatrists to provide an overview on treatment and management of commonly diagnosed psychiatric illnesses. The guidelines include consensus recommendations, based on peer contribution and using the international evidence based guidelines that are suitable for the local South African health service.→
Summary pointsThese are the approved guidelines published by the South African Society of Psychiatrists to provide an overview on treatment and management of commonly diagnosed psychiatric illnesses. The guidelines include consensus recommendations, based on peer contribution and using the international evidence based guidelines that are suitable for the local South African health service.→
Summary pointsThese are the approved guidelines published by the South African Society of Psychiatrists to provide an overview on treatment and management of commonly diagnosed psychiatric illnesses. The guidelines include consensus recommendations, based on peer contribution and using the international evidence based guidelines that are suitable for the local South African health service.→
Summary pointsThese are the approved guidelines published by the South African Society of Psychiatrists to provide an overview on treatment and management of commonly diagnosed psychiatric illnesses. The guidelines include consensus recommendations, based on peer contribution and using the international evidence based guidelines that are suitable for the local South African health service.→
Summary pointsThese are the approved guidelines published by the South African Society of Psychiatrists to provide an overview on treatment and management of commonly diagnosed psychiatric illnesses. The guidelines include consensus recommendations, based on peer contribution and using the international evidence based guidelines that are suitable for the local South African health service.→
Summary pointsThese are the approved guidelines published by the South African Society of Psychiatrists to provide an overview on treatment and management of commonly diagnosed psychiatric illnesses. The guidelines include consensus recommendations, based on peer contribution and using the international evidence based guidelines that are suitable for the local South African health service.→
Summary pointsSummary points→