Guidelines
314 entriesNDOH Standard Treatment Guidelines and clinical protocols
- Cryptococcal MeningitisSee: Cryptococcosis, cryptococcal meningitis . Click here to access the pdf . Standard Treatment Guidelines and Essential Medicines List for South Africa, Primary Healthcare, 2020-4_Version 1.0_26 May 2025 Chapter 15: Central Nervous System Conditions_15.8.3 Cryptococcal MeningitisPrimary Care→
- CryptococcosisPlease click on the link below to access the most up-to-date version of this guideline. The content on this page is currently being updated to align with the latest publication. Always check the version number at the bottom of the screen to confirm which version you are using. Click here to access the Primary Health Care - PHC Chapter 11: Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Acquired Immune DeficiencPrimary Care→
- Cushing SyndromeStandard Treatment Guidelines and Essential Medicines List for South Africa, Hospital Level, Adults 2019 EditionEML (Adult)→
- Cutaneous AbscessInfection Cutaneous abscess Brief outline/clinical setting Deep inflammatory nodule extending into subcutaneous tissue that develops from preceding folliculitis. Simple abscesses do not extend into deeper tissues or have multiloculated extension. Aetiologies/organisms S. aureus Optimal antimicrobial selection Incision and drainage is the primary treatment, no antibiotics indicated. In complicatedOther→
- Cutaneous HaemangiomasDescription Diagnostic criteria General and supportive measures Referral ICD-10 code: D18.0 DESCRIPTION Benign tumours of the vascular endothelium that may be classified as either congenital or infantile. They are characterised by abnormal proliferation of endothelial cells and abnormal blood vessel architecture. Congenital haemangiomas: Fully grown at birth, and are either rapidly inPEML (Paeds)→
- Cutaneous Larva Migrans/Ancylostoma Braziliense (Dog Hookworm)Description Diagnostic criteria General and supportive measures Medicine treatment ICD-10 code: B76.9/B76.0 DESCRIPTION Infestation of the skin by dog hookworm larvae. Maturation of the larvae cannot occur resulting in a self-limiting infection. DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA Presents as an itchy ‘serpiginous’ skin lesion. GENERAL AND SUPPORTIVE MEASURES Regular deworming of dogs. WearingPEML (Paeds)→
- Cyanotic Congential Heart Disease With Hypoxaemia Attack/Spells (Hypercyanotic Spells)Description Diagnostic criteria General and supportive measures Medicine treatment Referral ICD-10 code: Q24.9 DESCRIPTION Acute worsening of central cyanosis in patients with a tetralogy of Fallot and certain other cyanotic heart diseases with pulmonary stenosis and a ventricular septal defect. DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA Clinical Rapid worsening of central cyanosis, tachypnoea/dyspnoea, anxiety aPEML (Paeds)→
- Cyanotic Heart Disease in the NewbornDescription Diagnostic Criteria General and Supportive Measures Medicine Treatment Surgical Treatment Referral ICD-10 code: Q24.9 DESCRIPTION Blue or grey discolouration of the skin and tongue in room air, with an oxygen saturation of less than 85% in the presence of a cardiac lesion (complex lesions such as common arterial trunk may be associated with saturations greater than 90%). Note: SPEML (Paeds)→
- Cyanotic Neonate (Blue baby)Cyanotic Neonate (Blue baby)Other→
- Cyanotic Spell (Tetralogy of Fallot)Cyanotic Spell (Tetralogy of Fallot)Other→
- Cyanotic/Acyanotic Cardiac LesionsManagement guidelines for students, interns and registrars on a variety of routine and emergency situations in our neonatal service at Tygerberg Children’s Hospital. Published in 2014.Other→
- Cystic FibrosisDescription Diagnostic criteria General and supportive measures Medicine treatment Referral ICD-10 code: E84.9 DESCRIPTION An autosomal recessive disorder of exocrine glands, mainly affecting the gut, pancreas and lungs. DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA Clinical Recurrent infections of the respiratory tract with later bronchiectasis, respiratory failure and cor pulmonale. Bulky, greasy and foul-smellingPEML (Paeds)→
- Cytomegalovirus (CMV) InfectionDescription Diagnostic criteria Medicine treatment Referral ICD-10 code: B25.9 DESCRIPTION CMV is an extremely common childhood infection, with almost all children infected by 5 years of age. The majority of childhood infections are asymptomatic or present with a mononucleosis-like syndrome NOT requiring anti-viral treatment. CMV can cause clinically significant disease following congenitalPEML (Paeds)→
- Cytomegalovirus (CMV) RetinitisDescription Diagnostic criteria Medicine treatment Referral ICD-10 code: B25.8 DESCRIPTION Characteristic appearance: opacification of the retina with areas of haemorrhage, exudate and necrosis. Occurs in immunocompromised patients and could be an important cause of visual impairment in HIV-infected patients. DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA Confirm retinitis with ophthalmological assessment. Confirm CMPEML (Paeds)→