Guidelines

176 entries

NDOH Standard Treatment Guidelines and clinical protocols

TB (Age 2 months up to 5 years)IMCI - Child (Age 2 months up to 5 years)IMCI→
TB Chemoprophylaxis/ Isoniazid Preventive Therapy (IPT) in ChildrenPulmonary Tuberculosis (TB)Primary Care→
TB Chemoprophylaxis/Isoniazid Preventive Therapy (IPT) in AdultsPulmonary TuberculosisPrimary Care→
TB Control Programme: Medicine Regimens in AdultsPulmonary TuberculosisPrimary Care→
TB Control Programme: Medicine Regimens in ChildrenPulmonary Tuberculosis (TB) in ChildrenPrimary Care→
TB Drug DosingTB Control Programme Treatment Regimen for TB in Adult Patients and Children 8 years and olderOther→
TB Drug Dosing Chart for Children < 8 Years of Age (2013)TB Drug Dosing Chart for Children <8 Years of Age (2013)Other→
TB Drug Dosing Chart for Children ≥8 years of ageTB Drug Dosing Chart for Children ≥8 years of ageOther→
TB Exposed Newborn: Management GuidelinesTB Exposed Newborn: Management GuidelinesOther→
TB Preventive Therapy2023 ART Clinical GuidelinesOther→
TB Preventive Therapy (TPT) For TB Exposure/ InfectionScreen all children in close contact with an infectious pulmonary TB case for TB disease. Screening includes clinical history and examination with appropriate investigations of children with suspected TB disease. Give full anti-tuberculosis treatment if the diagnosis of TB disease is confirmed or suspected. Indications for TB Preventive Therapy (TPT): All asymptomatic children and adolescents, i.PEML (Paeds)→
TB Screening and TB Preventative Therapy during Pregnancy, Labour, and the Breastfeeding PeriodClick on the image to enlarge. Click here for the Dolutegravir (DTG) in Pregnancy and Safe Conception in Women . Click here for the pdf . South African National Department of Health, Guideline for Vertical Transmission Prevention of Communicable Infections, Version 2_August 2023Other→
TB Treatment (Age 2 months up to 5 years)IMCI - Child (Age 2 months up to 5 years)IMCI→
TB, HIV and AIDSRespiratory InfectionsPrimary Care→
TB: Paediatric (Extract from DOH Protocol)Locally relevant guidelines for both the junior and senior practitioner care for the manifold patients encountered within the Western Cape environment.Other→
TPT in Pregnant and Breastfeeding Women with TB Exposure or Living with HIVTPT should be offered to all pregnant and breastfeeding women (regardless of their HIV status) with significant TB exposure TPT should be deferred or not offered if the pregnant woman Management of TPT amongst HIV-negative and HIV-positive pregnant and breastfeeding women with TB exposure TPT should be offered to all pregnant and breastfeeding women (regardless of their HIV status) with significaOther→
Tachycardia Management AlgorithmTachycardia Management AlgorithmOther→
TachydysrhythmiasDescription Emergency Treatment Referral ICD-10 code: R00.0 Refer to Adult and Paediatric Hospital Level STGs and EML for relevant guidance. DESCRIPTION Adults: tachydysrhythmias refer to a pulse rate > 150 beats/minute. Children: tachydysrhythmias refers to a pulse rate > normal range for age (see table below). EMERGENCY TREATMENT Assess ABC: Airway: ensure airway is open and clear.Primary Care→
Takayasu ArteritisDescription Diagnostic criteria General and supportive measures Medicine treatment Referral ICD-10 code: M31.4 DESCRIPTION Takayasu arteritis is a chronic inflammatory disease involving large vessels, including the aorta and its main branches and the pulmonary vasculature. Lesions are typically segmental – obliterative and aneurysmal. Symptoms reflect end-organ ischaemia. DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIPEML (Paeds)→
Taking Consent for Organ DonationTaking consent for organ donationOther→
Technical issuesAssessment of Membrane Function PD Solutions Determination of Exchange Volume Assessment of PD Adequacy Assessment of membrane function Knowledge of the transport capacity of the patient’s peritoneal membrane is required to be able to write an optimal dialysis prescription. For this purpose a peritoneal equilibration test should be done with an exchange volume scaled to the body surface area andOther→
Teething, InfantICD-10 code: K00.7 Description General Measures Referral DESCRIPTION Teething is the appearance of teeth through the gums in the mouth of infants and young children. Symptoms often associated with teething include: fretfulness, biting or chewing on hard objects, drooling, which may often begin before teething starts, gum swelling and tenderness, refusing food, sleeping problems, TeethPrimary Care→
Temperature RegulationThermoregulation is the ability to balance heat production and heat loss to maintain a neutral thermal zone. The aim is to maximize metabolic efficiency, decrease oxygen need and conserve energy for other basic functions. Newborns, especially preterm babies, are more at risk for hypothermia due to the large surface area to body mass ratio, decreased subcutaneous fat, poorly developed mechanisms fOther→
Terminal PhaseAn approach to symptom management to guide decision-making in the management of patients with life-threatening illnessOther→
Termination of Pregnancy (TOP)Summary of Choice of Termination of Pregnancy Act of 1996 TOP: Management of pregnancies up to the twelfth week of gestation (12 weeks and 0 days) TOP: From the thirteenth week (12 weeks and 1 day) up to the the twentieth week (20 weeks and 0 days) Referral Early ultrasound examination is more accurate than last normal menstrual period at determining gestational age and is also useful in identifyEML (Adult)→
Termination of Pregnancy (TOP)Description General measures Referral DESCRIPTION Under the Choice of Termination of Pregnancy Act, 1996, as amended, a TOP may be carried out in the following circumstances: Women eligibility If gestation ≤ 12 weeks and 0 days: On request. If gestation 12 weeks and 1 day to 20 weeks and 0 days: If doctor is satisfied that: Pregnancy was from rape or incest, or There is a substantial risk that thPrimary Care→
Termination of Pregnancy (TOP)This booklet is intended as a practical guide to patient care for registrars, medical officers, interns and medical students attached to the gynaecology units at the University of the Witwatersrand Academic Hospitals. Anyone can use it.Other→
Testifying in CourtRainbow Clinic for Abused Children, April 2020Other→
Testing Criteria for the Public (Western Cape)Testing Criteria JuneOther→
Testing of Allergan SensitisationObjective laboratory testing can identify patients at increased risk for severe disease, direct preventative steps to minimise allergen exposure(s) and tailor treatment and allergen immunotherapy (AIT). 29 However, indiscriminate and extensive specific IgE testing is not indicated where history and examination suggest AR. Various recommendations regarding prevailing aero-allergens in South AOther→
TetanusDescription Diagnostic criteria General and supportive measures Medicine treatment Referral ICD-10 code: A35 *Notifiable condition. DESCRIPTION Tetanus is an acute spastic paralytic illness caused by tetanospasmin, the neurotoxin produced by Clostridium tetani . The toxin prevents neurotransmitter release from spinal inhibitory neurons. Complications include: asphyxia, bronchopneumonia, dehPEML (Paeds)→
TetanusDescription General Measures Medicine Treatment Referral ICD-10 code: A35 *Notifiable medical condition. DESCRIPTION Painful muscle spasms and rigidity following inoculation by trauma of Clostridium tetani spores, which germinate and produce toxins. The wound may be trivial and healing may have occurred before presentation. Incubation period is 3-21 days. Tetanus may be localised, with musEML (Adult)→
Tetanus ProphylaxisTetanus ProphylaxisOther→
Tetanus, NeonatalDescription Diagnostic criteria Referral ICD-10 code: A33 *Notifiable condition. DESCRIPTION Tetanus is an acute spastic paralytic illness caused by tetanospasmin, the neurotoxin produced by C. tetani. Neonatal tetanus is the most common form of the disease, usually caused by umbilical stump infections or contamination. The disease only occurs in infants of non-immunised mothers or mothersPEML (Paeds)→
Tetralogy of FallotDescription Diagnostic criteria General and supportive measures Medicine treatment Referral ICD-10 code: Q21.3 DESCRIPTION Ventricular septal defect with aortic override, right ventricular outflow tract obstruction and right ventricular hypertrophy. Suspect tetralogy of Fallot in a child with cyanosis after the neonatal period. DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA Clinical Child with central cyanosis. May bPEML (Paeds)→
ThalassaemiaDescription Diagnostic criteria Medicine treatment Referral ICD-10 code: D56 DESCRIPTION Hereditary single gene defect causing abnormal production or translation of beta-globin mRNA, resulting in foetal haemoglobin (HbF) production. Presents with pallor, jaundice, fever, failure to thrive, abdominal distension hepatosplenomegaly, and skeletal changes. DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA Investigations MicrPEML (Paeds)→
The Anaesthetic PeriodDelegation of care Perioperative temperature management Consideration of principles of safe anaesthesia care provision is given elsewhere in the document as it pertains to professionalism, equipment and monitoring, medication, etc. The following are guidelines on issues not addressed elsewhere. Delegation of care The anaesthetist’s primary responsibility is to the patient currently under their caOther→
The Anaesthetic Period: Guidelines on the use of Ultrasound in AnaesthesiaVascular access Transthoracic echocardiography The use of ultrasound (US) has significantly improved patient safety. It is sufficiently pervasive in both the training of anaesthetists and usage among SASA members to warrant the drafting of some guidance. Vascular access Based on available evidence, using real-time US during internal jugular (IJ) cannulation improves success and reduces the incideOther→
The Anaesthetic Period: Monitoring and Care StandardsThe following tables have been taken from the International Standards for the Practice of Safe Anaesthesia. Please note that facilities in South Africa where anaesthesia is delivered should comply with Hospital Level 2–3 standards in these tables. Please note that international levels of care do not exactly correlate to South African levels of care. This table should be merely used as a guidelineOther→
The Anaesthetic Period: Prevention of Wrong-Side SurgeryFactors that contribute to wrong-side procedures Prevention of incorrect side block performance General Wrong-side procedures are classified as ‘ never events ’. However, they still occur at an unacceptable rate. As integral members of the surgical team and advocates for patient safety, anaesthesia providers are critical to processes that aim to prevent these. Of note, it is estimated that wrong-Other→
The Anaesthetic Period: RecordsAnaesthesia records Ownership of records Signing of records and official documents The anaesthetist’s prescription Records of incident and death reporting Aggregated clinical data and registries Personal information and health data: confidentiality and access SASA supports the following WFSA standards: A record of the details of each anaesthetic (preoperative assessment, anaesthetic plan, intra-Other→
The Bladder DiaryA bladder diary, also known as a frequency-volume chart, is a simple tool for monitoring urinary habits. It records the number of times the child voids and the volume of urine passed with each void. To gather accurate information, the diary should be kept for at least 2 - 3 days, although non-consecutive days are acceptable. While a 3-day diary is more comprehensive, studies have shown that patieOther→
The Cold ChainCorrect packing of the cold box How to pack your fridge correctly Maintaining the cold chain means keeping vaccines at the right temperature throughout distribution, storage and use. The cold chain can be maintained by: Never exposing vaccines to heat or freezing conditions, especially during transportation from one point to another Always using a cold box to keep the vaccines cold during transpoPrimary Care→
The Community Health WorkerCare of the Non-Pregnant Woman of Child Bearing Potential (CBP) at Home Encourage Pregnant Women to Attend at the Antenatal Clinic Identify the Pregnant Woman Living with HIV Counsel all Pregnant Women on Good Nutrition and Following a Healthy Lifestyle Prevent Mother to Child Transmission of HIV, Syphilis and TB Promote Safety During Pregnancy and Delivery Postnatal Care for Mother and Baby CareOther→
The Essential Medicines ConceptThe Essential Medicines ConceptPrimary Care→
The Essential Medicines ConceptStandard Treatment Guidelines and Essential Medicines List for South Africa, Hospital Level, Adults 2019 EditionEML (Adult)→
The Fetal Medicine UnitThe guidelines recommend management of common obstetric conditions at primary and referral level, based on local experience and evidence-based practice. They are not intended as strict protocols nor as standard operating procedures, but rather as a guide to safe effective management of common obstetric problems. The guidelines should be most useful to interns, medical officers and registrars.Other→
The First Antenatal VisitThe guidelines recommend management of common obstetric conditions at primary and referral level, based on local experience and evidence-based practice. They are not intended as strict protocols nor as standard operating procedures, but rather as a guide to safe effective management of common obstetric problems. The guidelines should be most useful to interns, medical officers and registrars.Other→
The Floppy Infant (Distinguished from the Weak Child)The Floppy Infant (Distinguished from the Weak Child)Other→
The Fourth Stage of LabourThe guidelines recommend management of common obstetric conditions at primary and referral level, based on local experience and evidence-based practice. They are not intended as strict protocols nor as standard operating procedures, but rather as a guide to safe effective management of common obstetric problems. The guidelines should be most useful to interns, medical officers and registrars.Other→