Guidelines
3,191 entriesNDOH Standard Treatment Guidelines and clinical protocols
- Rhinitis, Allergic, PersistentStandard Treatment Guidelines and Essential Medicines List for South Africa, Hospital Level, Adults 2019 EditionEML (Adult)→
- Rhinitis, Allergic/Allergic RhinosinusitisRhinitis, allergic/allergic rhinosinositisPEML (Paeds)→
- Rhinosinusitis, Acute Bacterial (ABRS)Description Diagnostic criteria General and supportive measures Medicine treatment ICD-10 code: J01 DESCRIPTION Inflammation or infection of one or more of the sinuses that occurs most often after a viral infection or with allergic rhinitis. DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA Child with an acute upper respiratory tract infection presenting with: persistent illness (nasal discharge, facial pain/pressure, or daytPEML (Paeds)→
- RicketsDescription Diagnostic criteria General and supportive measures Medicine treatment Referral ICD-10 code: E55.0 DESCRIPTION Failure to calcify osteoid tissue in a growing child, usually due to deficiency of vitamin D, its active metabolites, calcium, phosphorus or other rare causes. This leads to bone deformity. Occurs in ex-premature babies during infancy and in children with developmentalPEML (Paeds)→
- RicketsRicketsOther→
- Rifampicin-Resistant (RR), Pre-XDR and XDR Tuberculosis, in ChildrenTB, HIV and AIDSPrimary Care→
- Rifampicin-Resistant Tuberculosis (RR TB), in AdultsTB, HIV and AIDSPrimary Care→
- Ringworm and other TineasFungal Infections of the SkinPrimary Care→
- Risk Assessment and Management of Exposure of Health Care Workers in the Context of COVID-19Version 19 March 2020Other→
- Risk Factors in All Young Infants (Birth up to 2 months)IMCI - Young Infant (Birth up to 2 months)IMCI→
- Roles of the PCACs and NCACEach province should have a provincial clinical advisory committee (PCAC), or similar arrangement, through which formal input can be sought on the management of persons with RR-TB [11] . The PCACs can be consulted at any time, and they should provide input on the management of patients in the following situations: Initial regimen choice in more complicated patients (i.e. those in whom a choice beOther→
- Routes of Administration for MedicationsNational Neonatal Resuscitation GuidelinesOther→
- Routes of Systemic Drug Administration: Enteral and ParenteralEnteral administration Parenteral administration Bibliography Analgesia prescriptions should be individualised based on actual or expected pain severity, patient characteristics and available resources. Attention must be paid to both the effectiveness and the adverse effects of analgesic agents. Monitoring will be directed by the drug class and route of administration. Analgesics should be prescrOther→
- Routine Care of the NeonateGeneral measures Medicine treatment Referral Z76.2 For the comprehensive management of the newborn refer to the most recent Newborn Care Charts. GENERAL MEASURES Routine care for baby after delivery Dry the baby thoroughly at birth. If there is meconium, clear the airway first. If baby is not crying Clear airway, stimulate. If baby not breathing well, clamp and cut the cord and start resuscitatioPrimary Care→
- Routine HIV VL Monitoring on ARTA dispensing cycle is defined as the number of days for which a client would have treatment if a single standard “monthly” quantity of tablets was dispensed. The term ‘dispensing cycle (DC)’ is preferred to the previously used term ‘month’ due to the potential discrepancy that may arise between the days of treatment dispensed (if 28 day pack sizes are used) and the days in a month (on average, 30Other→
- Routine Laboratory TestsIMCI - Anti-retroviral therapy (ART)IMCI→
- Routine Monitoring of the First Stage of LabourThe guidelines recommend management of common obstetric conditions at primary and referral level, based on local experience and evidence-based practice. They are not intended as strict protocols nor as standard operating procedures, but rather as a guide to safe effective management of common obstetric problems. The guidelines should be most useful to interns, medical officers and registrars.Other→
- Routine Treatments -Vitamin A and Deworming (Age 2 Months up to 5 Years)IMCI - Child (Age 2 months up to 5 years)IMCI→
- Rubella (German Measles)Description General Measures Medicine Treatment Referral ICD-10 codes: B06.0/B06.8-9 DESCRIPTION Incubation period: 14–21 days. A viral infection with skin lesions that is less severe than measles and lasts only 3–4 days. A maculopapular red rash starts on the face spreading to the trunk, arms and legs. It usually fades as it spreads. Note: If cough, coryza or conjunctivitis are alsoPrimary Care→
- SARAA Eligibility Criteria for b/tsDMARD Therapies for PsAPolyarthritis treated with at least two conventional DMARDs (maximal dosages, sequentially or in combination) with lack of improvement (50% of DAPSA) within 3 months or failure to achieve MDA within 6 months. Severe persistent oligoarthritis with a major demonstrable influence on wellbeing of the patient where treatment has failed, with at least two csDMARDs and appropriate intra-articuOther→
- SASA Endorsed Guidelines on Obstetrics and COVID-19Guidance documents released by SASA around COVID-19. Issued 12 March 2020.Other→
- SASA Endorsed PACSA Guidelines: Children and COVID-19Guidance documents released by SASA around COVID-19. Issued 25 March 2020.Other→
- SASA guidance breathing system filters for COVID-19 patientsPublished 30 March 2020Other→
- SIMPLE Pain and Bleeding in the Pregnant PatientSIMPLE pain and bleeding in the pregnant patientOther→
- SNOBS Standardised Nursing Observations for StrokeClick on the image to enlarge. Click here for the pdf . Angels Initiative South Africa _ Registered Nurse rtPA Treatment Pack_2024Other→
- SOP Guidance for Community PharmacyIndependent Community Pharmacy Association Guidelines. March 2020.Other→
- SOP for Preparedness, Detection and Response to a Coronavirus Outbreak in South AfricaThis document outlines the standard operating procedures for detection and response to case/s of suspected novel coronavirus disease (2019-nCoV) in South Africa. Published 30 January 2020.Other→
- Safe Injection and Drug Administration PracticesNeedles and syringes Preservative-free (single-dose) ampoules or vials Multi-dose vials Infusions, administration sets or items in contact with the vascular system or other sterile body compartments Non-injectable items Needles and syringes 9,18-20 Needles and syringes are sterile items, intended for singlepatient use only. A syringe and needle should be considered contaminated after contact withOther→
- Safe Sedation PracticeTo access the PDF version of the guidelines on safe sedation practice as outlined in the "SASA paediatric guidelines for the safe use of procedural sedation and analgesia for diagnostic and therapeutic procedures in children: 2021–2026," please click on the link provided below: Safe Sedation Practice SASA Paediatric Guidelines for the Safe use of Procedural Sedation and Analgesia for Diagnostic aOther→
- Safety MonitoringHaematological Peripheral neuropathy Optic neuritis Haematological Anaemia in TB patients is common. It is often due to TB itself, a normocytic normochromic anaemia. Treating the TB treats the anaemia. There may be other contributing factors including nutritional deficiencies, blood loss from haemoptysis or other sources and HIV co-infection. TB patients are vulnerable to drops in Hb and may decoOther→
- Safety in ICUPatient safety Patient transfer and handover Patient safety Important patient safety issues in critical care include: Proper patient identification Timely response to critical tests Appropriate and safe use of clinical alarms Improvement of staff communication Appropriate and safe use of medicines Infection prevention and control All patient safety incidents (PSI) are to be reported on the SouthEML (Adult)→
- Salbutamol (At Home) (Age 2 months up to 5 years)IMCI - Child (Age 2 months up to 5 years)IMCI→
- Salbutamol for Wheeze & Severe Classification (In Clinic) (Age 2 months up to 5 years)IMCI - Child (Age 2 months up to 5 years)IMCI→
- Salicylate PoisoningDescription Diagnostic criteria General and supportive measures Medicine treatment Referral ICD-10 code: T39.0 DESCRIPTION Salicylate poisoning may result from oral and/or topical exposure. Salicylate products vary widely in concentration, e.g. oil of wintergreen is 100% methylsalicylate. As little as 4 mL of oil of wintergreen may be fatal in a child. DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA Clinical IngestionPEML (Paeds)→
- SalicylatesSalicylatesOther→
- SandwormParasitic Infestations of the SkinPrimary Care→
- ScabiesParasitic Infestations of the SkinPrimary Care→
- SchistosomiasisDescription Medicine Treatment ICD-10 code: B65.0-3/B65.8-9 *Notifiable medical condition. DESCRIPTION A parasitic infestation with: Schistosoma haematobium : primarily involves the bladder and renal tract, or Schistosoma mansoni : primarily involves the intestinal tract. Acute schistosomiasis syndrome Typically occurs in travellers to endemic areas with freshwater exposure 3-7 weeks before onsetEML (Adult)→
- Schistosomiasis (Bilharzia)Description Diagnostic criteria General and supportive measures Medicine treatment Referral ICD-10 code: B65.0/B65.1 DESCRIPTION Disease manifestations caused by infestation by species of the genus Schistosoma. Infestations with S. haematobium and S. mansoni are endemic in certain areas of South Africa. Nematodes reside in the venous plexus draining the bladder wall (haematobium) or intestiPEML (Paeds)→
- Schistosomiasis (Bilharzia)Description General Measures Medicine Treatment Referral ICD-10 codes: B65.0-3/B65.8-9 Note: Notifiable medical condition. DESCRIPTION A parasitic infestation with: Schistosoma haematobium : primarily involves the bladder and renal tract, or Schistosoma mansoni : primarily involves the intestinal tract. Infestation occurs during washing, bathing or paddling in water harbouringPrimary Care→
- SchizophreniaSchizophreniaPEML (Paeds)→
- Schizophrenia Spectrum DisordersDescription General Measures Medicine Treatment Adverse Effects Referral ICD - 10 code: F20.0-6/F20.8-9/F22.0-9/F25.0-2/F25.8-9 + (F10.0-F19.9/R45.0-8/Z65.0-5/Z65.8-9/Z81.0- 4/Z81.8) Description Schizophrenia is characterised by psychotic episodes which are severe, persistent, and accompanied by a marked deterioration in personal, social, and occupational functioning. Whilst the presentation mayEML (Adult)→
- Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders (Schizophrenia)Description General Measures Medicine Treatment Referral ICD-10 code: F20-F20.9/F21/F22.0-22.9; F25.0-25.9 + (F10.0-F19.9/R45.0-8/Z65.0-5/Z65.8-9/Z81.0-4/ Z81.8) Description Schizophrenia is the most common, chronic psychotic disorder and is characterised by recurrent, severe, psychotic episodes which are accompanied by a marked deterioration in personal, social, and occupational funcPrimary Care→
- Scope and PurposeThe aim of this guideline is to improve the practice of critical care in SA by providing clear blood management guidelines to be utilised in the care of critically ill patients in SA. The specific objectives of the guideline are: to provide current, evidence-based, context-specific blood management guidelines to be used in the treatment of critically ill patients in SA to improve clinical outcomeOther→
- Scorpion EnvenomationDescription General measures Medicine treatment T63.2 + (X22.99/W59.99) DESCRIPTION Medically important scorpions in Southern Africa are of the genus Parabuthus ( P. granulatus and P. transvaalicus ). These are large scorpions measuring 7–15 cm in length. Features useful in their identification are a relatively large tail and small pincers, so-called thick-tailed scorpions. Scorpions from the ScoEML (Adult)→
- Scorpion StingsDescription Diagnostic criteria General and supportive measures Medicine treatment Referral ICD-10 code: T63.2 DESCRIPTION Some scorpion species can cause serious systemic toxicity. Thick-tailed scorpions with small pincers are extremely toxic, resulting in both local and systemic features. Thin-tailed scorpions with large pincers are much less toxic and usually cause local symptoms only. DPEML (Paeds)→
- Screening and Diagnosis of Type 2 Diabetes and Intermediate HyperglycaemiaScreening and Diagnosis of type 2 Diabetes and Intermediate HyperglycaemiaOther→
- Screening for Chronic Kidney DiseaseChronic kidney disease is defined by the presence of a low GFR (<60 ml/min) and/or evidence of kidney damage (e.g. proteinuria, haematuria, imaging abnormalities) for more than 3 months. Individuals at increased risk for chronic kidney disease should be screened annually. These include individuals with the following: Diabetes mellitus HIV infection Hypertension Cardiovascular, cerebrovascularOther→
- Scrotal PathologyIntroduction Background Important details on history Important details on examination Management and referral guidelines for acute scrotum Management and referral guideline for non-acute scrotum References SETTING Primary and Secondary Healthcare Institutions in the Western Cape which refer to Red Cross War Memorial Children’s Hospital (RCWMCH) FOR STAFF Primary and Secondary Doctors and Nurses wOther→
- Scrotal Swelling (SSW)Sexually Transmitted InfectionsPrimary Care→