Guidelines
3,191 entriesNDOH Standard Treatment Guidelines and clinical protocols
- Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder (DMDD)Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder (DMDD)PEML (Paeds)→
- Disseminated Intravascular CoagulationDescription Diagnostic criteria Medicine management Referral ICD-10 code: D65 DESCRIPTION Complication of an underlying condition, e.g. severe sepsis that is characterized by widespread activation of the clotting cascade leading to consumption of platelets and clotting factors with generalized bleeding. DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA Investigations Prolonged INR and PTT. Thrombocytopaenia. Decreased fPEML (Paeds)→
- Distributive ShockNeurogenic shock Septic shock This happens when the blood vessels are abnormally dilated and presents with a low blood pressure, tachycardia and warm peripheries. There are 3 causes of this type of shock: neurogenic shock, septic shock, and anaphylactic shock (see Anaphylaxis/anaphylactic shock ). NEUROGENIC SHOCK ICD-10 code: T09.3 + R57.8 DESCRIPTION Occurs in spinal cord trauma when there is aEML (Adult)→
- DiverticulosisDescription General Measures Medicine Treatment Referral ICD-10 code: K57.0-5/K57.8-9 DESCRIPTION Colonic diverticulosis becomes increasingly common with age. Acute diverticulitis is suspected in patients with lower abdominal pain (typically in the left lower quadrant). The pain is usually constant and is often present for several days prior to presentation. Nausea and vomiting are often presentEML (Adult)→
- Doctor Clinical Decision ProtocolClick on the image to enlarge. Click here for the pdf . Angels Initiative South Africa _ Treating Doctor_Stroke patient acute treatment forms_2024Other→
- Documentation Required for Procedural Sedation and AnalgesiaBefore sedation During sedation During recovery Other Accurate documentation is crucial to protect the SP in case of legal challenges. If it was not written down, it never happened. Before sedation Documentation before sedation is aimed at obtaining information about the child, as well as providing information to the parent/caregiver. Recorded information should include the following: Valid inforOther→
- Does BCG vaccination offer any protection against COVID-19?COVID-19 Rapid Review, Thursday, 09 April 2020Other→
- Dolutegravir (DTG) in Pregnancy and Safe Conception in WomenBenefits of Dolutegavir Switching existing clients to DTG-Containing Regimens BENEFITS OF DOLUTEGRAVIR 16 Superior Efficacy Side-effects are mild and uncommon High genetic barrier to resistance Cost effective Small tablet No interaction with hormonal contraceptives Can be used with TB treatment if boosted Evolving evidence has found there to be no significant difference in neural tube defect (NTDOther→
- Dolutegravir Overview & Drug InteractionsClass of ARV Benefits Formulations Standard Dose DTG dose with concomitant rifampicin-containing TB treatment Side Effects Drug Interactions with Dolutegravir Class of ARV: Integrase Inhibitor (InSTI) Benefits: DTG is a potent antiretroviral that provides rapid viral suppression, has a high genetic barrier to resistance, and has minimal side effects and drug interactions. It is well tOther→
- Donation after Circulatory DeathDonation after circulatory deathOther→
- Dosing Charts for Prophylaxis for the HIV-Exposed InfantSummary of Infant Prophylaxis Regimens Dosing Charts for Infant HIV Prophylaxis in Infants > 2000 g Dosing Charts for Infant HIV Prophylaxis in Preterm Infants < 2000 g Dosing Chart for Intravenous (IV) AZT Prophylaxis Summary of Infant Prophylaxis Regimens Risk Profile NVP AZT At birth (following maternal delivery VL review) Low-risk, whether breastfed or formula-fed 6 weeks Stop AZOther→
- Dosing Schedule of Simple AnalgesicsDosing schedule of simple analgesicsOther→
- Dosing for Isoniazid Preventative Therapy (IPT) in ChildrenDosing for Isoniazid Preventative Therapy (IPT) in ChildrenOther→
- Drug AllergiesDescription Classification Diagnosis ICD-10 code: T88.7 DESCRIPTION Drug allergy is an immune-mediated reaction to the drug. Reactions are idiosyncratic and, unlike side effects, cannot be predicted by physiological action of the pharmaceutical agent. Common drugs involved include penicillin, sulphonamides, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, anticonvulsants, and chemotherapeutic agents. CLASSPEML (Paeds)→
- Drug FormularyNational Neonatal Resuscitation GuidelinesOther→
- Drug Interaction with DolutegravirMedications for diabetes and epilepsy also have important drug interactions. Pregnant women with co-morbidities, e.g., diabetes or epilepsy are a high risk group who should be discussed with an expert/referred. INTERACTING DRUG EFFECT OF CO-ADMINISTRATION RECOMMENDATION Rifampicin ↓ Dolutegravir Increase DTG dose to 50 mg 12-hourly. If on TLD FDC, add DTG 50 mg 12 hours after TLD dose PolyvalentOther→
- Drug Listings: Enteral and ParenteralOpioids – mainly for severe pain Paracetamol Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for mild to moderate pain relief Approach to oral combination analgesics Local anaesthetics Bibliography Note: That while examples of generic drugs are listed below, the list should not be considered comprehensive. Drugs are regularly added and removed by pharmaceutical companies and the latest drug indices shouldOther→
- Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms (DRESS)Severe Cutaneous Adverse Drug ReactionsPrimary Care→
- Drug ReactionsGeneral and supportive measures Medicine treatment Referral ICD-10 code: L27.0 Commonly associated with: sulphur-containing agents, penicillin, antiepileptics (e.g. carbamazepine, lamotrigine), NSAIDs, anti-tuberculosis drugs, and non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors. A variety of rashes may occur, including: erythema multiforme (see Erythema Multiforme ) urticarial eruptioPEML (Paeds)→
- Drug Resistant TB (DR-TB)ICD-10 code: U84.3 See the National Department of Health Clinical Reference Guide: Management of Rifampicin-Resistant Tuberculosis , 2019. Standard Treatment Guidelines And Essential Medicines List For South Africa, Hospital Level, Paediatrics, 2023 Edition Chapter 10: Tuberculosis, 10.7 Drug Resistant TB (DR-TB)PEML (Paeds)→
- Drug Review - Alpha Glucosidase Inhibitors (Acarbose)Alpha Glucosidase Inhibitors (Acarbose)Other→
- Drug Review - Dipeptidyl peptidase- 4 InhibitorsDrug review - Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 InhibitorsOther→
- Drug Review - GLP-1 Receptor AgonistsDrug Review - GLP-1 Receptor AgonistsOther→
- Drug Review - InsulinDrug Review - InsulinOther→
- Drug Review - MetforminDrug Review - MetforminOther→
- Drug Review - PioglitazoneDrug Review - PioglitazoneOther→
- Drug Review - SGLT2 InhibitorsDrug review - SGLT2 InhibitorsOther→
- Drug Review - SulphonylureasSulphonylureasOther→
- Drug Summary - Alpha-glucosidase Inhibitors (Acarbose)Alpha-glucosidase Inhibitors (Acarbose)Other→
- Drug Summary - DPP-4 InhibitorsDrug Summary - DPP-4 InhibitorsOther→
- Drug Summary - GLP-1 Receptor AgonistsDrug summary - GLP-1 Receptor AgonistsOther→
- Drug Summary - SGLT2 InhibitorsDrug Summary - SGLT2 InhibitorsOther→
- Drug Summary – Gliclazide Modified-ReleaseDrug Summary – Gliclazide Modified-ReleaseOther→
- Drug Summary – MetforminDrug Summary – MetforminOther→
- Drug Summary – PioglitazoneDrug Summary – PioglitazoneOther→
- Drug and Allergic ReactionsIMCI - Skin problemsIMCI→
- Drug-Related AnaphylaxisICD-10 code: L88.6 See: Emergencies and Trauma, Anaphylaxis/Anaphylactic reactions. Standard Treatment Guidelines And Essential Medicines List For South Africa, Hospital Level, Paediatrics, 2023 Edition Chapter 25: Drug Allergies, 24.2 Immediate Hypersensitivity Reactions, 24.2.1 Drug-Related AnaphylaxisPEML (Paeds)→
- Drug-Related AngioedemaDescription General and Supportive Measures Medicine Treatment Referral ICD-10 code: T78.3 DESCRIPTION Local swelling of skin and/or mucosal tissue. May occur in isolation or together with urticaria or anaphylaxis. It must be distinguished from recurrent non-pruritic angioedema which has a hereditary component and does not respond to the treatment below. Complement C4 and C1 esterase inhibiPEML (Paeds)→
- Drug-Related UrticariaICD-10 code: L50.9 See: Dermatology, Urticaria . Standard Treatment Guidelines And Essential Medicines List For South Africa, Hospital Level, Paediatrics, 2023 Edition Chapter 25: Drug Allergies, 24.2 Immediate Hypersensitivity Reactions, 24.2.2 Drug-Related UrticariaPEML (Paeds)→
- Drug-Resistant TBStandard Treatment Guidelines and Essential Medicines List for South Africa, Hospital Level, Adults 2019 EditionEML (Adult)→
- Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis (MDR TB)TB, HIV and AIDSPrimary Care→
- Drugs and Novel TherapiesWarfarin (Vitamin K antagonist) Novel oral anticoagulants Antiplatelet drugs Consensus Grade 18.1 TXA should be administered empirically in critically ill patients with severe trauma within 3 hours of the injury. Yes A 18.2 The dose of TXA in severe trauma is 1g stat and then 1g over 8 hours. Yes A 18.3 TXA should be administered empirically in bleeding obstetric patients. Yes B 18.4 The dOther→
- Drugs used in Procedural Sedation & AnalgesiaTo access the PDF version of the guidelines on drugs used in procedural sedation and analgesia as outlined in the "SASA paediatric guidelines for the safe use of procedural sedation and analgesia for diagnostic and therapeutic procedures in children: 2021–2026," please click on the link provided below: Drugs used in procedural sedation and analgesia SASA Paediatric Guidelines for the Safe use ofOther→
- Dry Eye DiseaseStandard Treatment Guidelines and Essential Medicines List for South Africa, Hospital Level, Adults 2019 EditionEML (Adult)→
- Dry SkinDry SkinPrimary Care→
- Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD)Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD)PEML (Paeds)→
- During rt-PA (Alteplase) Standing OrderClick on the image to enlarge. Click here for the pdf . Angels Initiative South Africa _ Registered Nurse rtPA Treatment Pack_2024Other→
- DysenteryDescription Diagnostic criteria General and supportive measures Medicine treatment Referral ICD-10 code: A03.9 DESCRIPTION Passage of blood and mucus in the stools. Shigella infection is the most common serious cause in children in South Africa. Complications include: dehydration, convulsions, shock, toxic megacolon, acidosis, rectal prolapse, renal failure, haemolytic uraemic syndrome. DIAPEML (Paeds)→
- DysenteryDescription General Measures Referral ICD-10 code: A06.0 DESCRIPTION Dysentery, or diarrhoeal stool with blood or mucus, is usually due to bacteria. Commonly encountered infectious conditions include Shigella, Salmonella, E. Coli, Entamoeba histolytica and Campylobacter . GENERAL MEASURES Treat initial presentations as bacillary dysentery (See: Dysentery, bacillary ). If there is no clinical respPrimary Care→
- Dysentery (Acute Inflammatory Diarrhoea)Description General Measures Medicine Treatment Referral ICD-10 code: A02.0/A02.9/A03.0-3/A03.8-9/A04.2/A04.5/A04.8-9 DESCRIPTION Diarrhoea with neutrophils, blood and/or mucus. GENERAL MEASURES Rehydration is the cornerstone of management. This should be done with oral rehydration solution (ORS) unless the patient is vomiting or profoundly dehydrated. Perform a stool culture. MEDICINE TREATMENTEML (Adult)→