Guidelines

170 entries

NDOH Standard Treatment Guidelines and clinical protocols

HeadachesHeadachesOther→
HeadachesPlease access the PDF version of the guideline on Headaches as outlined in the South African Society of Anaesthesiologists (SASA) Guidelines for the Management of Acute Pain in Specific Scenarios 2022 by clicking on the link provided below: Headaches South African Society of Anaesthesiologists (SASA) Guidelines for the Management of Acute Pain in Specific Scenarios 2022Other→
Healthcare Worker COVID-19 Exposure TOOLKITIssued 09 June 2020Other→
Healthcare-Associated and Hospital Acquired InfectionsDefinition and principles Intravascular catheter infections Short-term central venous catheter infection Surgical wound infections Hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) and ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) Urinary tract infections, catheter associated DEFINITION AND PRINCIPLES Patients with healthcare associated and hospital acquired infections are at increased risk of being infectedEML (Adult)→
Heart DiseaseThe guidelines recommend management of common obstetric conditions at primary and referral level, based on local experience and evidence-based practice. They are not intended as strict protocols nor as standard operating procedures, but rather as a guide to safe effective management of common obstetric problems. The guidelines should be most useful to interns, medical officers and registrars.Other→
Heart Disease in PregnancyStandard Treatment Guidelines and Essential Medicines List for South Africa, Hospital Level, Adults, Updated for the 2023 EditionEML (Adult)→
Heart FailureHeart FailureOther→
Heart FailureDescription Diagnostic Criteria ICD-10 code: I50.9 DESCRIPTION Clinical syndrome reflecting the inability of the myocardium to meet the oxygen and nutritional/metabolic requirements of the body. Causes include: volume overload: L-R shunt lesions mitral/aortic regurgitation pump failure: myocarditis/cardiomyopathy high output failure: septicaemia severe anaemia DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA Clinical APEML (Paeds)→
Heart Failure in NeonatesDescription Diagnostic criteria General and supportive measures Medicine treatment Surgical treatment Referral ICD-10 code: P29.0 DESCRIPTION Clinical syndrome reflecting the inability of the myocardium to meet the oxygen, nutritional or metabolic requirements of the body. Heart failure may be acute or chronic. The main causes of heart failure are: Congenital heart abnormalities: Left-sidedPEML (Paeds)→
Heart Failure, Acute With Pulmonary OedemaGeneral and supportive measures Medicine treatment ICD-10 code: I50.9 GENERAL AND SUPPORTIVE MEASURES Treat the underlying disorder/condition. Where the primary cause of acute pulmonary oedema is renal failure, treat as per renal failure. See: Acute kidney injury. Restrict fluids, beware of IV fluids. Place patient in an upright or semi-upright sitting position. Intubation and ventilation may bePEML (Paeds)→
Heart Failure, Maintenance TherapyGeneral and supportive measures Medicine treatment Referral ICD-10 code: I50.9 GENERAL AND SUPPORTIVE MEASURES Recognise and treat the underlying condition, e.g. infection, hypertension, cardiac tamponade, fluid overload. Fluid restriction (75% of daily requirements) – but not at the expense of adequate caloric intake. Ensure adequate nutrition; tube-feeding may be necessary. Monitor bloodPEML (Paeds)→
Heavy Metal PoisoningT56.0/T56.1/T56.4/T56.8/T57.0 DESCRIPTION This includes mercury, arsenic, gold, copper, lead poisoning, thallium etc. Frequent/occupational inhalation of metal fumes and particles can cause metal fume fever, a flu-like syndrome with fever, malaise, bronchospasm, and bi-weekly variations in severity that may be mildest on the weekend and most severe on Monday or Tuesday after returning to work. ThEML (Adult)→
Helminthiasis, IntestinalDescription Diagnostic criteria General and supportive measure Medicine treatment Referral ICD-10 code: B82.0 DESCRIPTION Infestation of the intestine with adult worms. The following species are commonly encountered: Ascaris lumbricoides (round worm). Enterobius vermicularis (pin worm). Trichuris trichiura (whipworm). Ancylostoma duodenale and Necator americanus (hookworm). Taenia saginatumPEML (Paeds)→
Helminthic Infestation, Excluding TapewormDescription General Measures Medicine Treatment Referral ICD-10 code: B76.0-1/B76.8-9/B77.0/B77.8/B77.9/B79/B80/B81.4/B82.0 Note: Soil-transmitted helminth infections are notifiable conditions (i.e. Ascaris Lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura, Ancylostoma duodenale, Necator americanus). DESCRIPTION Types of worm infestation and the characteristics are shown in the table below. Infestations are oftePrimary Care→
Helminthic Infestation, TapewormDescription General Measures Medicine Treatment Referral ICD-10 code: B68.0-1/B68.9 DESCRIPTION Infestation with tapeworm occurs after eating infected, undercooked or raw meat like beef or pork. Infestation may be caused by: beef tapeworm – Taenia saginata pork tapeworm – Taenia solium Signs and symptoms include: Vague abdominal pain Weight loss Diarrhoea Anal (nocturnal) itch Flat white worm segPrimary Care→
HelplinesNational HIV & TB Health Care Worker Hotline: 0800 212 506 Right to Care Paediatric, Adolescent and Adult HIV Helpline 082 352 6642 KZN Paediatric Hotline: 0800 006 603 2023 ART Clinical Guidelines for the Management of HIV in Adults, Pregnancy and Breastfeeding, Adolescents, Children, Infants and Neonates June 2023 Version 4 Upload date: 07/08/2023Other→
Henoch-Schönlein PurpuraICD-10 code: D69.0 See: Rheumatology and Vasculitides, Henoch-Schönlein Purpura (HSP). Standard Treatment Guidelines And Essential Medicines List For South Africa, Hospital Level, Paediatrics, 2023 Edition Chapter 5: Dermatology, 5.4. Purpura, 5.4.2 Henoch-Schönlein PurpuraPEML (Paeds)→
Hepatic DisordersDESCRIPTION Hepatitis (inflammation of the liver) may be infectious (caused by viral, bacterial, fungal, and parasitic organisms) or non-infectious (triggered by alcohol, drugs, autoimmune diseases, and metabolic diseases). Causes of hepatitis includes idiosyncratic drug reactions, viral hepatitis (A, B, C, D, E), alcoholic hepatitis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, autoimmune hepatitis, WilsoEML (Adult)→
Hepatitis A vaccinesHepatitis A vaccinesOther→
Hepatitis B in PregnancyStandard Treatment Guidelines and Essential Medicines List for South Africa, Hospital Level, Adults, Updated for the 2023 EditionEML (Adult)→
Hepatitis B vaccinesHepatitis B vaccinesOther→
Hepatitis B, ChronicDescription Diagnostic criteria Referral ICD-10 code: B18.1 DESCRIPTION Persistently elevated transaminases after hepatitis B infection. DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA Transaminases are double upper limit of normal. Liver biopsy is characteristic. Hepatitis B serology positive. Interpretation of Hepatitis B Serological Test Results Susceptible: HBsAg negative Anti-HBc negative anti-HBs negative IgM anPEML (Paeds)→
Hepatitis C, ChronicDescription Diagnostic criteria Referral ICD-10 code: B17.1 DESCRIPTION A chronic inflammation of the liver caused by vertical (perinatal) transmission of Hepatitis C virus from an infected mother. The disease is mostly mild in childhood and in up to 25% the virus can be spontaneously cleared from age 2 up to 7 years. DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA Anti-HCV Elisa which detects IgG antibodies. TrPEML (Paeds)→
Hepatitis, Chronic, AutoimmuneDescription Diagnostic criteria Medicine treatment Referral ICD-10 code: K75.4 DESCRIPTION Autoimmune induced hepatitis. DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA Clinical Jaundice. Hepatosplenomegaly. Cutaneous features of chronic liver disease. Extrahepatic manifestations of the autoimmune process. Investigations Elevated bilirubin and transaminases. Hypoalbuminaemia and prolonged prothrombin time/INR. Auto-imPEML (Paeds)→
Hepatitis, Non-ViralDescription General Measures Medicine Treatment Referral ICD-10 code: K70.1/K71.0-9/K73.0-2/K73.8-9/K75.4 *Notifiable medical condition if caused by agricultural chemicals or insecticides. DESCRIPTION Any form of hepatitis not caused by the common hepatotropic viruses. Liver biopsy is indicated if hepatitis persists or diagnosis is unclear. GENERAL MEASURES Diet: If no hepatic encephalopathEML (Adult)→
Hepatitis, Toxin Induced, AcuteDescription Diagnostic criteria General and supportive measures Medicine treatment Referral ICD-10 code: K71.6 DESCRIPTION Liver damage attributed to a toxin or medicine. The most common herbal toxin in South Africa is atractyloside ( Impila ), which causes a Reye’s-like syndrome, with liver failure. Senecio ingestion is also seen but this causes endothelial damage in hepatic veins, resultiPEML (Paeds)→
Hepatitis, ViralDescription Hepatitis B, Acute Hepatitis B, Chronic (Non-HIV Co-infection) Hepatitis B, Chronic (HIV Co-infection) *Notifiable medical condition. DESCRIPTION Hepatitis caused by one of the hepatotropic viruses, hepatitis A, B, C, D and E. HEPATITIS B, ACUTE ICD-10 code: B16.0-2/B16.9 GENERAL MEASURES Bed-rest until acute phase has resolved. Avoid alcohol during the illness and for ≥ 6 monthEML (Adult)→
Hepatitis, Viral, AcuteDescription Diagnostic criteria General and supportive measures Medicine treatment Referral ICD-10 code: B17.9 *Notifiable condition DESCRIPTION Acute inflammation of the liver with varying degrees of hepatocellular necrosis caused by hepatitis A, B and less commonly C, D and E viruses. DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA Clinical Prodromal phase: nausea, malaise, vomiting, anorexia, fever, and &nbspPEML (Paeds)→
Herpes GingivostomatitisDescription Diagnostic criteria General and supportive measures Medicine treatment Referral ICD-10 code: B00.2 DESCRIPTION Inflammation of the mouth structures with ulcers (which may be of various numbers and sizes), caused by Herpes simplex virus infection. The normal course of the disease is 7–10 days. DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA Clinical General inflammation of the mouth with multiple small ulcePEML (Paeds)→
Herpes Keratitis and ConjunctivitisDescription Diagnostic criteria General and supportive measures Medicine treatment Referral ICD-10 code: B00.5 DESCRIPTION Herpes infection of the cornea and/or conjunctiva. DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA There are three most common forms of this disease. Blepharoconjunctivitis Primary ocular infection involving the eyelids and/or conjunctivae. The condition is benign and self-limiting. May be associated wiPEML (Paeds)→
Herpes SimplexHerpes SimplexPrimary Care→
Herpes Simplex Ulcers, ChronicPlease click on the link below to access the most up-to-date version of this guideline. The content on this page is currently being updated to align with the latest publication. Always check the version number at the bottom of the screen to confirm which version you are using. Click here to access the Primary Health Care - PHC Chapter 11: Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Acquired Immune DeficiencPrimary Care→
Herpes ZosterHerpes ZosterPrimary Care→
Herpes Zoster (Shingles)Please click on the link below to access the most up-to-date version of this guideline. The content on this page is currently being updated to align with the latest publication. Always check the version number at the bottom of the screen to confirm which version you are using. Click here to access the Primary Health Care - PHC Chapter 11: Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Acquired Immune DeficiencPrimary Care→
Herpes Zoster OphthalmicusStandard Treatment Guidelines and Essential Medicines List for South Africa, Hospital Level, Adults 2019 EditionEML (Adult)→
Herpes Zoster OphthalmicusHerpes Zoster OphthalmicusOther→
Herpes Zoster in the HIV-populationHerpes Zoster in the HIV-populationOther→
Herpes simplex infections of the mouth and lipsICD-10 code: B00.1-2 Description General Measures Medicine Treatment Referral DESCRIPTION Acute, painful vesicular eruptions of the lips or ulcerations of the lips and mouth caused by Herpes simplex virus and characterised by: shallow, painful ulcers on the lips, gingiva, tongue and pharynx. pain exacerbated by eating. It is a self-limiting infection with symptoms subsiding within 10Primary Care→
Hiatus HerniaICD-1K code: 44.0/K44.1/K44.9 GENERAL MEASURES Manage GORD. See Gastro-Oesophageal Reflux Disease (GORD) and Dyspepsia . Click here for the pdf . Standard Treatment Guidelines And Essential Medicines List For South Africa, Adult Hospital level, 2020-4_Version 1_July 2024 Chapter 1: Alimentary tract; 1.1 Gastrointestinal Disorders; 1.1.4 Hiatus HerniaEML (Adult)→
HiccupsAn approach to symptom management to guide decision-making in the management of patients with life-threatening illnessOther→
Hidradenitis SuppurativaHidreadenitis SuppurativaPrimary Care→
Hip DislocationTraumatic hip dislocation is a specific term used to describe complete loss of contact between the articular surface of the femoral head and that of the acetabulum.Other→
HirsutismThis booklet is intended as a practical guide to patient care for registrars, medical officers, interns and medical students attached to the gynaecology units at the University of the Witwatersrand Academic Hospitals. Anyone can use it.Other→
Hirsutism and VirilisationDescription Referral ICD-10 code: L68.0/E25.0/E25.9 DESCRIPTION Hirsutism refers to terminal hair growth in amounts that are socially undesirable, typically following a male pattern of distribution. Virilisation refers to the development of male secondary sexual characteristics in a woman. REFERRAL Refer all cases to a tertiary hospital for investigation and management. Click here for the pdf &nbEML (Adult)→
History TakingThis booklet is intended as a practical guide to patient care for registrars, medical officers, interns and medical students attached to the gynaecology units at the University of the Witwatersrand Academic Hospitals. Anyone can use it.Other→
Home Delivery – ‘Born Before Arrival’The guidelines recommend management of common obstetric conditions at primary and referral level, based on local experience and evidence-based practice. They are not intended as strict protocols nor as standard operating procedures, but rather as a guide to safe effective management of common obstetric problems. The guidelines should be most useful to interns, medical officers and registrars.Other→
Hormone Therapy (HT)General measures Medicine treatment Referral N95.1-2/N95.8-9 Indications: Short-term symptomatic relief for severe menopausal symptoms. For menopausal women, treatment should be ≤ 5 years. Risk-benefit assessment should be individualised in all patients. Contra-indications include: Known or suspected estrogen-dependent malignant tumours (such as endometrial cancer). Coronary heart disease. ActivePrimary Care→
Hospital Level (Adult) Medicine Reviews 2020 - 2023 (Gynaecology) *New*Standard Treatment Guidelines and Essential Medicines List for South Africa, Hospital Level, Adults, Updated for the 2023 Edition.EML (Adult)→
How To Use These GuidelinesStandard Treatment Guidelines and Essential Medicines List for South Africa, Hospital Level, Adults 2019 EditionEML (Adult)→
How to Site a StomaHow to site a stoma for junior doctorsOther→