Guidelines
180 entriesNDOH Standard Treatment Guidelines and clinical protocols
- Monitoring Patients on RR-TB TreatmentMonitoring Schedule for a patient on a BPaL-L/BPaL 6 month regimen Principles for monitoring and management of adverse events Safety monitoring Adverse event screening questionnaire Active drug safety monitoring activities Monitoring Schedule for a patient on a BPaL-L/BPaL 6 month regimen An example of the schedule of baseline, routine, and post-treatment monitoring examinations for the BPaL-L/BPOther→
- Monitoring and EvaluationData collection tools Data flow processes and reporting Cascade analysis at facility level Proposed data elements Monitoring is the periodic assessment of programme activities to determine whether they are proceeding as planned. It provides managers with continuous feedback on implementation, to make informed decisions regarding service delivery and ensure effective and efficient use of resourcesOther→
- Monitoring and Long-term ConsiderationsMonitoring of RA Patients on Therapy Economic Considerations Monitoring of RA Patients on Therapy There is no indication for ‘routine’ liver biopsy in patients on MTX therapy. Biopsy may be indicated in a patient with persistently elevated liver enzymes (greater than three times the upper level of normal) after DMARD discontinuation. [57] Measurement of serum creatinine is recommended at baselineOther→
- Monitoring on ARTClick here to open the above PDF Click here for ABCDE assessment of an Elevated Viral Load Click here for VL Monitoring for Clients on TLD Click here for Assessing Renal Function Click here for Baseline Clinical Evaluation Click here for Re-engagement algorithm 2023 ART Clinical Guidelines for the Management of HIV in Adults, Pregnancy and Breastfeeding, Adolescents, Children, InfOther→
- Mood DisordersDescription The person’s thoughts and behaviour are driven by their mood, which may be depressed, sad, angry, happy, elated, manic, or any of these in combination. Mood disorders may be: Due to another medical condition, e.g. HIV, TB, anaemia of any cause, malignancy, hypothyroidism, and chronic pain conditions. Comorbid with other medical conditions e.g. epilepsy, diabetes, and cardiovascular diPrimary Care→
- Mouth Ulcers (Age 2 months up to 5 years)IMCI - Child (Age 2 months up to 5 years)IMCI→
- Movement DisordersStandard Treatment Guidelines and Essential Medicines List for South Africa, Hospital Level, Adults 2019 EditionEML (Adult)→
- MucormycosisInfection Mucormycosis Brief outline/clinical setting Mucormycosis is a fungal infection that usually occurs in the setting of an underlying compromising condition. Patients with mucormycosis most often present with rhino-cerebral or pulmonary syndromes caused by genera in the order Mucorales. Common risk factors include diabetes mellitus (particularly with ketoacidosis), treatment with gluOther→
- Mucosal Bleeds - Paediatric Palliative CareDescription General and supportive care Medicine treatment DESCRIPTION Massive bleeds at the end of life, although rare, can occur in several conditions and include: Haematemesis (e.g. bleeding varices, fulminant liver failure). Epistaxis (in haematological malignancies). Haemoptysis (rare in children). Tumour related erosion of blood vessels (less common in children). GENERAL AND SUPPORTIVE CAREPEML (Paeds)→
- Multi-MorbiditiesMulti-morbidity is defined as the presence of one or more additional disorders co-occurring with a primary disorder. Multi-morbidities associated with AR include the following: Allergic disorder spectrum: asthma, atopic dermatitis, food allergy, eosinophilic oesophagitis, allergic conjunctivitis and anaphylaxis. Disorders of the upper airway, middle ear and Eustachian tube disease, sinusitis, turOther→
- Multiple PregnancyThe guidelines recommend management of common obstetric conditions at primary and referral level, based on local experience and evidence-based practice. They are not intended as strict protocols nor as standard operating procedures, but rather as a guide to safe effective management of common obstetric problems. The guidelines should be most useful to interns, medical officers and registrars.Other→
- Multiple SclerosisStandard Treatment Guidelines and Essential Medicines List for South Africa, Hospital Level, Adults 2019 EditionEML (Adult)→
- Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in ChildrenDescription Diagnostic criteria Treatment Referral ICD-10 code: U10.9 *Notifiable condition. DESCRIPTION A rare but serious inflammatory syndrome has been linked to COVID-19. Also known as Paediatric Inflammatory Multisystem Syndrome Temporally associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection (PIMS-TS) or Kawasaki-like syndrome. The syndrome occurs after resolution of acute COVID-19 or followingPEML (Paeds)→
- Multivitamins (Age 2 months up to 5 years)IMCI - Child (Age 2 months up to 5 years)IMCI→
- MumpsDescription General Measures Medicine Treatment Referral ICD-10 codes: B26.0-3/B26.8-9 DESCRIPTION Incubation period: 14–21 days. A viral infection primarily involving the salivary glands. Signs and symptoms: Fever. Pain on opening the mouth or eating. About two days later a tender swelling appears below the ears at the angle of the jaw, often first on one side and later on thePrimary Care→
- MumpsICD-10 code: B26 See: Primary Health Care Standard Treatment Guidelines and Essential Medicines List, Infections and Related Conditions, Mumps Click here for the pdf . Standard Treatment Guidelines and Essential Medicines List for South Africa Paediatric Hospital _2023, 5th edition_Updated July 2024 Chapter 8: Infective/Infectious Diseases, 8.14 MumpsPEML (Paeds)→
- Muscle RelaxantsStandard Treatment Guidelines and Essential Medicines List for South Africa, Hospital Level, Adults 2019 EditionEML (Adult)→
- Muscle Spasm or CrampAn approach to symptom management to guide decision-making in the management of patients with life-threatening illnessOther→
- Musculoskeletal SystemBaclofen Botulinum toxin Zoledronate Zoledronate, Ibandronate Zoledronate, IV, Ibandronate, IV Alendronate ATC Code M03BX01 Medicine Baclofen Indication Spasticity NEMLC Recommendation Not Approved Review Indicators New evidence of clinically relevant efficacy Date Ratified 25 June 2015 ATC Code M03AX01 Medicine Botulinum toxin Indication Focal dystonias NEMLC Recommendation ApOther→
- Myasthenia GravisMyasthenia GravisPEML (Paeds)→
- Myasthenia GravisStandard Treatment Guidelines and Essential Medicines List for South Africa, Hospital Level, Adults 2019 EditionEML (Adult)→
- Myasthenic Crisis (MC)Myasthenic Crisis (MC)PEML (Paeds)→
- Mycobacterium Avium Complex (MAC) InfectionDescription Diagnostic criteria General and supportive measures Medicine treatment Referral ICD-10 code: A31.0 DESCRIPTION Atypical mycobacterium, causing disease in extremely immunocompromised patients. MAC infection in HIV-infected children usually presents with disseminated disease, often enlarged intra-abdominal lymph nodes and pancytopenia. Pulmonary, GIT or skin disease is less commonPEML (Paeds)→
- Myelodysplastic SyndromesDescription General Measures Referral D46.0-7/D46.9 DESCRIPTION A group of disorders characterised by refractory cytopaenias due to bone marrow failure. There is a risk of disease progression to acute leukaemia. Investigations Evidence of cytopenia, with normal B 12 and folate levels, and often substantial morphological dysplasia on the blood smear. Bone marrow examination confirms dysplasia of tEML (Adult)→
- Myelopathy, AcuteStandard Treatment Guidelines and Essential Medicines List for South Africa, Hospital Level, Adults 2019 EditionEML (Adult)→
- Myocardial Infarction, Acute (AMI)/ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI)Myocardial Infarction, Acute (AMI)/ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI)Primary Care→
- MyocarditisDescription Diagnostic criteria General and supportive measures Medicine treatment of viral myocarditis Referral ICD-10 code: I40 DESCRIPTION Myocarditis is an inflammatory disease of the cardiac muscle. The majority of paediatric myocarditis cases are caused by viral infection. Viral myocarditis should be suspected whenever a child presents with arrhythmia, heart failure or cardiogenic shoPEML (Paeds)→
- Myocarditis/CardiomyopathyMycocarditis/CardiomyopathyOther→
- MyoclonusAn approach to symptom management to guide decision-making in the management of patients with life-threatening illnessOther→
- Myxoedema ComaDescription General Measures Medicine Treatment ICD-10 code: E03.5/E03.9 Description Myxoedema coma is an uncommon condition characterized by severe hypothyroidism which may present with an altered mental status, lethargy, hypothermia, decreased organ function, and other non-specific features associated with hypothyroidism. Myxoedema coma is a life-threatening condition with a high mortalitEML (Adult)→