Guidelines
314 entriesNDOH Standard Treatment Guidelines and clinical protocols
- Common Medications Used in Psychiatry and Their Side EffectsCommon Medications Used in Psychaitry and Their Side EffectsPEML (Paeds)→
- Common WartsWartsPrimary Care→
- Common prescribed drug dosage for childrenCommon prescribed drug dosage for childrenOther→
- Communicating with EMS for Paediatric & Neonatal TransfersProtocol for communicating with EMS for paediatric & neonatal transfers in the Western CapeOther→
- CommunicationGeneral principles and management of cancer pain in adultsOther→
- Communication SkillsIMCI - Counsel the Mother or Caregiver on Infant and Young Child FeedingIMCI→
- Communication and Advance Care PlanningEssential communication with patients and families with ESKD Advance Healthcare Planning Essential communication with patients and families with ESKD Compassionate and effective communication is key to developing a working and trustful relationship between patients, families and healthcare professionals. It requires knowledge about what, with whom and when difficult conversations should be had. AOther→
- Community Acquired PneumoniaInfection Community acquired pneumonia Brief outline/clinical setting Criteria for CAP: A new pulmonary infiltrate (within 24 h of admission) associated with at least one of the following: 1. A new or increased cough with/without sputum production 2. Fever (>37.8° C ) or hypothermia (<35.6° C), 3. Leukocytosis, a left shift, or leukopenia based on local normal values. Provided there was noOther→
- Community Acquired Pneumonia in AdultsCommunity acquired pneumonia in adultsOther→
- Community Acquired Pneumonia in ChildrenGuideline on Community Acquired Pneumonia in ChildrenOther→
- Community Acquired S.aureus BacteraemiaInfection Community acquired S.aureus bacteraemia Brief outline/clinical setting S. aureus is a leading cause of bacteraemia, infective endocarditis, osteoarticular, skin and soft tissue and pleuropulmonary infections. Aetiologies/organisms S.aureus Optimal antimicrobial selection Cloxacillin 2g IVI bolus, then 2g IVI 6hrly as extended infusion where possible. If infusion is not possible, dosingOther→
- Community Acquired Sepsis of Unknown OriginInfection Community acquired sepsis of unknown origin Brief outline/clinical setting Non-neutropenic adult with a clinical syndrome of sepsis where a source has not/cannot be identified Patient has signs of organ dysfunction and requires admission Aetiologies/organisms S.aureus, E.coli, K.pneumoniae, E.cloacae, Proteus spp, Enterococcus spp, S.pneumoniae, N.meningitidis , anaerobic organisms uncoOther→
- Community Acquired non-S.aureus Bacteraemia HIV Infected Adults Not on ARV’sInfection Community acquired non-S.aureus bacteraemia HIV INFECTED ADULTS NOT ON ARV’s Brief outline/clinical setting Non-typhoidal Salmonella bacteraemia occurs commonly in immunocompromised patients and is an AIDS-defining condition. Aetiologies/organisms Salmonella enterica Optimal antimicrobial selection Ceftriaxone 1g IVI BD Duration tailor therapy according to culture results. Total duratioOther→
- Community Acquired non-S.aureus Bacteraemia Intra-abdominal SourceInfection Community acquired non-S.aureus bacteraemia INTRA-ABDOMINAL SOURCE Brief outline/clinical setting Community acquired sepsis, suspected primary peritonitis, or intra-abdominal or biliary tract source Aetiologies/organisms Enterobacterales , Enterococcus spp . Optimal antimicrobial selection Amoxicillin- clavulanate 1.2g IVI 8hrly Duration Maximum 72 hrs- culture results should availableOther→
- Community Acquired non-S.aureus Bacteraemia Suspected PneumoniaInfection Community acquired non-S.aureus bacteraemia SUSPECTED PNEUMONIA Brief outline/clinical setting Community acquired sepsis, suspected pneumonia as source Aetiologies/organisms S.pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Staphylococcus aureus and gram-negative bacilli (such as Klebsiella pneumoniae), Influenza virus, SARS CoV2 Optimal antimicrobial selection - Outpatient- Amoxicillin 1g 8hly POOther→
- Community Acquired non-S.aureus Bacteraemia Urinary SourceInfection Community acquired non-S.aureus bacteraemia URINARY SOURCE Brief outline/clinical setting Urosepsis is the clinical evidence of severe infection of the urogenital tract with features consistent with systemic inflammation. Culture mandatory: Asymptomatic bacteriuria should not be treated except in pregnancy. Urosepsis in patients from long-term care facilities are NOT regarded as communiOther→
- Comorbidities Associated with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)Mineral Bone Disorder May manifest with hyperparathyroidism and associated with radiological signs of active bone disease or with adynamic bone disease with growth failure. Main factors associated with hyperparathyroidism include: high serum phosphate level, low serum calcium level and metabolic acidosis. For the more information on the comorbidities and the management of comorbidities see. 6-8 COther→
- Comparative Table of Selected Intravenous Fluids (MMOL/L)Management guidelines for students, interns and registrars on a variety of routine and emergency situations in our neonatal service at Tygerberg Children’s Hospital. Published in 2014.Other→
- Complex Pain and Bleeding in a Pregnant PatientComplex pain & bleeding in a pregnant patientOther→
- Complicated UTIInfection Complicated UTI Brief outline/clinical setting defined as symptomatic cystitis in men, patients with structural abnormalities of the urinary tract (UT) or indwelling catheters and pregnant women, or conditions leading to an immunocompromised state, e.g. HIV, diabetes. Important to submit urine for MC&S prior to starting therapy Aetiologies/organisms Enterobacterales: E. coli, K. pneOther→
- Complications of DiabetesStandard Treatment Guidelines and Essential Medicines List for South Africa, Hospital Level, Adults 2019 EditionEML (Adult)→
- Complications of Hysterectomy and LaparotomyThis booklet is intended as a practical guide to patient care for registrars, medical officers, interns and medical students attached to the gynaecology units at the University of the Witwatersrand Academic Hospitals. Anyone can use it.Other→
- Composition of Some Infant Milk Formulas (Per 100ml)Management guidelines for students, interns and registrars on a variety of routine and emergency situations in our neonatal service at Tygerberg Children’s Hospital. Published in 2014.Other→
- ConclusionAllergic rhinitis causes significant, often unappreciated, morbidity in the community. It is a complex disease related to an inflammatory response to environmental allergens. Therapy involves education, evaluation of allergen sensitisation, pharmacological treatment, AIT and evaluation of the success of interventions. Regular use of saline, the important role of INCS, including those combined witOther→
- ConclusionCurrent urological trauma guidelines provide comprehensive guidance on the recognition, diagnosis, management, and follow-up of patients with bladder injury. The guidelines reviewed provide recommendations through panel consensus after reviewing the available research and thereafter assigning the appropriate LoE. Importantly, the major aspects of diagnosis and management are similar across all guOther→
- ConclusionThe development of guidelines and recommendations for PSA screening has been challenging. The authors have had to strike a balance and make recommendations applicable to both a well-resourced private sector and an under-resourced public sector. Epidemiological data showing the burden of disease, especially the rates of advanced disease in the coloured and black SA populations, [3,4,37-40] suggestOther→
- ConclusionIn the context of the need to limit the access of some patients to ICU because of lack of intensive care resources in public hospitals, these recommendations were developed to improve patient care, and guide policy-making in SA. While several of the consensus group were chosen for their clinical expertise and experience in triage and the practice of intensive care in resource-limited environmentsOther→
- ConclusionConclusionOther→
- ConclusionThese are the approved guidelines published by the South African Society of Psychiatrists to provide an overview on treatment and management of commonly diagnosed psychiatric illnesses. The guidelines include consensus recommendations, based on peer contribution and using the international evidence based guidelines that are suitable for the local South African health service.Other→
- ConclusionConclusionOther→
- Conclusion, References & Further ReadingThis guideline is endorsed by the following professional groups: Cape Pelvic Pain Society, PainSA, South African Rheumatism and Arthritis Association, and South African Society of Anaesthesiologists.Other→
- ConclusionsProposed research agenda (adults and paediatrics) Recommendations Proposed research agenda (adults and paediatrics) Determine the actual number of patients who require palliative and supportive care due to ESKD. This should be accompanied by a needs assessment of the ESKD patient and their families so as to develop a strategic and comprehensive approach to address the unique needs of our countryOther→
- Conclusions & DisclosureCurrent data suggests that HIF-PHIs are non-inferior to conventional ESA in maintaining haemoglobin concentration in both non-dialysis and dialysis dependent CKD. The cardiovascular safety of HIF-PHI over conventional ESA has not definitively been established, and the class may be associated with increased risk of thrombosis. Patients with active or recent malignancy, and those living with polycyOther→
- Conditions Causing AmenorrhoeaThis booklet is intended as a practical guide to patient care for registrars, medical officers, interns and medical students attached to the gynaecology units at the University of the Witwatersrand Academic Hospitals. Anyone can use it.Other→
- Conditions Commonly Mistaken for Sexual AbuseThe following conditions are commonly mistaken for child abuse Urethral prolapse Lichen sclerosis Vulvar ulcers Rectal prolapse Anal fissures (especially with a history of chronic constipation, or in the absence of a history of abuse) Molluscum contagiosum (not generally a sexually transmitted infection) Urinary tract infections Vaginal discharge secondary to poor hygiene, worms or allergyOther→
- Conditions with Predominant WheezeSee: Acute asthma & acute exacerbation of COPD, adults See: Acute asthma, children See: Chronic asthma See: Acute bronchiolitis in children See: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) Click here to access the pdf . Standard Treatment Guidelines and Essential Medicines List for South Africa, Primary Healthcare, 2020-4-Version 1.0_16 September 2024 Chapter 17Primary Care→
- Congenital GlaucomaDescription Diagnostic criteria Referral ICD-10 code: Q15.0 DESCRIPTION Congenital glaucoma is caused by abnormal development of the draining angle of the eye. DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA Symptoms: Tearing Photophobia Blepharospasm Signs: Enlarged eye (buphthalmos or ‘cow eye’ appearance). Corneal haziness (due to corneal oedema or scarring). Optic disc cupping. Raised intraocular pressure. REFERRAPEML (Paeds)→
- Congenital Heart Disease (CHD)ICD-10 code: Q24.9 DESCRIPTION Structural abnormalities of the heart or great vessels present at birth. They fall into 4 pathophysiological groups: Acyanotic left to right shunts – ventricular septal defect (VSD), patent duct arteriosus (PDA), atrial septal defect (ASD), atrioventricular septal defect (AVSD). Acyanotic obstructive lesions – pulmonary stenosis, aortic stenosis, coarctation oPEML (Paeds)→
- Congenital Heart Disease With Left to Right ShuntDescription Diagnostic criteria General and supportive measures Medicine treatment Referral DESCRIPTION Structural abnormalities of the heart and great vessels that are usually associated with left to right shunting – most commonly: ventricular septal defect, atrial septal defect, patent ductus arteriosus and atrioventricular septal defect. DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA Each condition has specific clinicalPEML (Paeds)→
- Congenital Penile PathologyIntroduction Background Important details on history Important details on examination Making the diagnosis Buried Penis or Congenital Megaprepuce Hypospadias Epispadias Ambiguous Genitalia SETTING Primary and Secondary Healthcare Institutions in the Western Cape which refer to Red Cross War Memorial Children’s Hospital (RCWMCH) FOR STAFF Primary and Secondary Doctors and Nurses who refer patientsOther→
- Congenital Problems (Birth up to 2 months)IMCI - Young Infant (Birth up to 2 months)IMCI→
- Congenital SyphilisCongenital SyphilisOther→
- Congenital Syphilis Click on the image to enlarge. Public Health Initiatives on Partner tracing and more . Click here for the pdf . South African National Department of Health, Guideline for VerticalTransmission Prevention of Communicable Infections, Version 2_August 2023Other→
- Congestive Cardiac Failure (CCF)Standard Treatment Guidelines and Essential Medicines List for South Africa, Hospital Level, Adults 2019 EditionEML (Adult)→
- ConjunctivitisICD-10 code: H10.1 See Primary Healthcare Level Standard Treatment Guidelines and Essential Medicines List, Chapter 18: Eye Conditions, sections: Conjunctivitis Conjunctivitis, Allergic Conjunctivitis, Bacterial (excluding conjunctivitis of the newborn) Conjunctivitis of the Newborn Conjunctivitis, Viral (Pink-eye) Click here for the pdf . Standard Treatment Guidelines and Essential Medicines LisPEML (Paeds)→
- ConjunctivitisStandard Treatment Guidelines and Essential Medicines List for South Africa, Hospital Level, Adults 2019 EditionEML (Adult)→
- ConjunctivitisEye ConditionsPrimary Care→
- Conjunctivitis of the NewbornConjunctivitisPrimary Care→
- Conjunctivitis, AllergicConjunctivitisPrimary Care→
- Conjunctivitis, Bacterial (Excluding Conjunctivitis of the Newborn)ConjunctivitisPrimary Care→