Guidelines
164 entriesSpeciality / institutional guidelines
- Postoperative RecommendationsSASA Arthroplasty Guideline Committee The postoperative period requires a collaborative approach with effective communication between surgeon, nurse, physiotherapist and anaesthetist. Most of the recommendations below are readily achievable even in low resource settings. Patients should be encouraged to eat and drink as soon as they feel ready. 40 All patients should be mobilised at least o→
- Practical Allergen Avoidance and Exposure Reduction StrategiesAllergen avoidance and environmental control measures aim to decrease exposure to aeroallergens and irritants to reduce the severity of symptoms (Table 2). 37,38,39,40 The major outdoor allergens are pollens and fungal spores, while the major indoor allergens include HDM, pets, moulds and cockroaches. Avoidance measures can be cumbersome, expensive and not always practical, and hence, allergen se→
- Practical Guidelines for the Prevention and Management of Coronavirus Infection in Long Term Care FacilitiesApril 2020→
- Practical Management of Paediatric Patients for Anaesthesia during COVID-19Issued 08 June 2020→
- Practical Manual for Implementation of the National Infection Prevention and Control Strategic FrameworkPublished 26 March 2020→
- Practical proposal for a group anaesthetic practice to prepare for the COVID pandemicGuidance documents released by SASA around COVID-19. Issued on 25 March 2020.→
- Practice Recommendations for Sorpion Envenomation (in the Absence of Antivenom)Scope and Purpose Clinical Question: Concise statement describing the clinical dilemma Structured PICO Evidence Synthesis Approach Summary of Evidence and Contextual Considerations - Risk Stratification and Severity Grading - Role of the Poisons Information Helpline in Species Identification - Limitations of Existing Severity Scoring Systems - Differences in Clinical Presentation: Adults vs Child→
- Practice Recommendations for the Use of Tranexamic Acid (TXA) in Paediatric TraumaScope and Purpose Clinical Question: Concise statement describing the clinical dilemma Structured PICO Evidence Synthesis Approach Summary of Evidence and Contextual Considerations - Safety and Pharmacological Profile - Evidence for Use in Paediatric Trauma - Current Practice in the Western Cape - Ethical and Equity Considerations Suggested Dosing and Clinical Use - Indications for Use - Dose and→
- Pre-TransfusionSANBS Guideline - Updated February 2020→
- Pre-Transfusion Checks and ObservationSANBS Guideline - Updated August 2023→
- Pre-eclampsia and EclampsiaPre-eclampsia & Eclampsia→
- Pre-operative PreparationThis booklet is intended as a practical guide to patient care for registrars, medical officers, interns and medical students attached to the gynaecology units at the University of the Witwatersrand Academic Hospitals. Anyone can use it.→
- Preamble1. As the Director-General’s report to the Executive Board at its Seventy-ninth session pointed out, 2 human organ transplantation began with a series of experimental studies at the beginning of the twentieth century. The report drew attention to some of the major clinical and scientific advances in the field since Alexis Carrel was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1912 for his pioneering work. Surgica→
- Precocious PubertyThis booklet is intended as a practical guide to patient care for registrars, medical officers, interns and medical students attached to the gynaecology units at the University of the Witwatersrand Academic Hospitals. Anyone can use it.→
- Preface & AcknowledgementsAcknowledgements PREFACE Tuberculosis (TB), HIV and AIDS are the major causes of morbidity and mortality in the country. Modelling work conducted showed that a combination of interventions implemented at scale is required to reach the 2025 End TB Strategy targets of reducing the TB incidence by 50 per cent and the TB mortality by 75 per cent. It is for this reason that the following interventions→
- Prelabour Rupture of the MembranesThe guidelines recommend management of common obstetric conditions at primary and referral level, based on local experience and evidence-based practice. They are not intended as strict protocols nor as standard operating procedures, but rather as a guide to safe effective management of common obstetric problems. The guidelines should be most useful to interns, medical officers and registrars.→
- Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS)This booklet is intended as a practical guide to patient care for registrars, medical officers, interns and medical students attached to the gynaecology units at the University of the Witwatersrand Academic Hospitals. Anyone can use it.→
- Preoperative EvaluationDisease specific approach to preoperative special investigations ASA category approach to preoperative special investigations Surgery or patient specific approach to preoperative special investigations Minimum pre-operative investigations American Society of Anaesthesiology grading Application of ASA grading Disease specific approach to preoperative special investigations Patient criter→
- Preoperative Fasting Guidelines: for Patients Requiring General Anaesthesia for Elective ProceduresThe Paediatric Anaesthesia Community of South Africa (PACSA) has reviewed and supports the APA-ESPA-ADARPEF ‘Consensus statement on clear fluids fasting for elective pediatric general anesthesia’ along with the accompanying special interest article by Thomas M, Morrison C, Newton R, Schindler E. PACSA endorses this consensus statement, agreeing that 'based on the current convincing evidence,→
- Preoperative RecommendationsPreoperative recommendations Recommendations on the day of surgery Preoperative recommendations Prehabilitation This is the process of enhancing an individual’s functional capacity to enable them to withstand a forthcoming stressor, e.g. major surgery. 8-11 This important concept is beyond the scope and focus of these guidelines and there is agreement that this will be difficult to implement univ→
- Preoperative Screening ToolGuidance documents released by SASA around COVID-19. Issued 04 April 2020.→
- Presenting with Pain without obvious Signs and SymptomsPresenting with pain without obvious signs and symptoms→
- Preserving Renal Function and Managing Complications of Renal FailureScreening for CKD must be conducted in high risk individuals at each interaction with the healthcare system. High risk individuals in South Africa include those with: Diabetes Hypertension Urological disorders Family history of renal disease Drug addicts (“tik”, cocaine) HIV-positive individuals. The guidelines that follow are specifically aimed at CKD stages 4 and 5 (Figure 1). Table 2 describes→
- Pressure CareAn approach to symptom management to guide decision-making in the management of patients with life-threatening illness→
- Preterm LabourThe guidelines recommend management of common obstetric conditions at primary and referral level, based on local experience and evidence-based practice. They are not intended as strict protocols nor as standard operating procedures, but rather as a guide to safe effective management of common obstetric problems. The guidelines should be most useful to interns, medical officers and registrars.→
- PrevalenceThis guideline provides an overview of the recommended Adult ADHD assessment steps, differentials to be considered and options for treatment according to the best available evidence based guidelines.→
- Prevalence & PerceptionsPrevalence Parental involvement and perceptions Prevalence The prevalence of NE decreases with increasing age. [7] Reviews conducted in Western countries revealed a prevalence of 8% among 7-year-olds, 3% among 11 - 12-year-olds, and 0.8% among 16-year-olds. [8] Higher rates of enuresis are seen in less developed countries owing to lower socioeconomic status, lack of efficient enuresis treatment,→
- Preventing the Spread of InfectionSupporting the Antimicrobial Resistance Strategy Framework and the Guidelines on Implementation of the Antimicrobial Strategy in South Africa: One Health Approach and Governance, 2018→
- Prevention and Treatment of AKIIn the absence of hemorrhagic shock, we suggest using isotonic crystalloids rather than colloids (albumin or starches) as initial management for expansion of intravascular volume in patients at risk for AKI or with AKI. (2B) We recommend the use of vasopressors in conjunction with fluids in patients with vasomotor shock with, or at risk for, AKI. (1C) We suggest using protocol-based management of→
- Prevention and Treatment of Exit Site InfectionsThe exit site should be kept clean, dry, scab-free, crustfree, painless, and noninflamed Immobilization of the catheter and protection from trauma is essential The exit site should be cleaned every other day using aseptic technique Aqueous chlorhexidine 0.05% should be used until the site is clean and the chlorhexidine is then removed with water The exit site should be swabbed and cultured once a→
- Prevention of Central Venous Line-Associated InfectionThe placement and securing of central venous catheters Sterile technique for the placement of central venous catheters Catheter dressing and site management The use of catheters and dressings that have associated antimicrobial activity The management of lines and administration sets The insertion of peripheral catheters As anaesthesiologists are frequently responsible for the placement of invasiv→
- Prevention of HIVAll persons of reproductive age need access to comprehensive information, as well as non-judgemental, confidential, and (as necessary), youth friendly SRH services. Contraception and HIV testing services (HTS) should always be provided together. At every FP visit, offer HTS. At every HTS visit, offer FP. Click on the image to enlarge. Click here for the pdf . South African National Department of→
- Prevention of Unintended Pregnancies and Safe Conception in WomenClick on the image to enlarge. Click here for the Visit Schedule for Integrated Care for the Mother-baby Pair Living with HIV . Click here for the pdf . South African National Department of Health, Guideline for Vertical Transmission Prevention of Communicable Infections, Version 2_August 2023→
- Prevention of influenzaPrevention of influenza Influenza vaccination is the most effective method for prevention and control of influenza infection available currently. In general, influenza vaccines are most effective among children ≥ 2 years and healthy adults. A meta-analysis including data from years when there was a mismatch between vaccine and circulating strains estimated a pooled vaccine efficacy (VE) of 59% (9→
- Prevention or Delay of type 2 Diabetes MellitusPrevention or Delay of type 2 Diabetes Mellitus→
- Previous Caesarean SectionThe guidelines recommend management of common obstetric conditions at primary and referral level, based on local experience and evidence-based practice. They are not intended as strict protocols nor as standard operating procedures, but rather as a guide to safe effective management of common obstetric problems. The guidelines should be most useful to interns, medical officers and registrars.→
- Primary & Secondary DysmenorrheaThis booklet is intended as a practical guide to patient care for registrars, medical officers, interns and medical students attached to the gynaecology units at the University of the Witwatersrand Academic Hospitals. Anyone can use it.→
- Primary Postpartum HaemorrhageThe guidelines recommend management of common obstetric conditions at primary and referral level, based on local experience and evidence-based practice. They are not intended as strict protocols nor as standard operating procedures, but rather as a guide to safe effective management of common obstetric problems. The guidelines should be most useful to interns, medical officers and registrars.→
- Principles for Rational Antibiotic PrescribingThis guideline aims to assist healthcare workers with antibiotic prescribing for common clinical syndromes in adult patients in South Africa, utilizing Local and International guidelines, key publications, and expert opinion.→
- Principles of Pain Management in ChildrenAnxiety, fear and pain in children are intricately linked. Intermittent intramuscular (IM) injections are distressing to children and are less effective in achieving pain control than IV infusions or intranasal (IN) administration. Therefore, IM injections are strongly discouraged. Avoid per request needed (PRN) dosing as far as possible. Where used, inform and empower the child/caregiver to requ→
- Prioritisation of Referrals: Definitions in Ophthalmology EmergenciesReferral guidelines – Prioritisation of referrals→
- Procedural ProtocolsSADA COVID-19 Guidelines, May 2020→
- Process ChartsSANBS Guideline - Updated August 2023→
- Professional and Ethical ConductDistrict level hospital guidelines applicable for interns and comm service doctors. Published in 2016→
- Proof of Emergency Obstetric Simulation Training/Drills FormProof of Emergency Obstetric Simulation Training/Drills Form→
- ProphylaxisThis guideline aims to assist healthcare workers with antibiotic prescribing for common clinical syndromes in adult patients in South Africa, utilizing Local and International guidelines, key publications, and expert opinion.→
- Prophylaxis for the HIV-Exposed Infant During Breastfeeding Maternal VL monitoring should happen 6-monthly during breastfeeding. At every visit, check the results of the mother’s most recent VL. An elevated maternal VL during breastfeeding may require an infant HIV PCR to be done and higher-risk infant prophylaxis to be started, re-started, or extended The following are situations in which a mother’s VL may be elevated. These situations are therefo→
- Prophylaxis for the HIV-Exposed Infant at BirthThe VTP strategies include timely HIV diagnosis, ART initiation and VL suppression in the mother (either pre- or post-conception) and the provision of HIV post-exposure prophylaxis to the infant. The mother’s response to ART by the time of delivery is measured by the delivery VL, which will also determine the risk profile of the infant at birth and, subsequently, the infant’s ART prophylaxis regi→
- Proteinuria: Approach in ChildrenApproach to proteinuria in children→
- Protocol for Abnormal (RI>95th centile) Umbilical Artery Doppler (UAD)Protocol for Abnormal (RI>95th centile) Umbilical Artery Doppler (UAD)→