Guidelines
1,823 entriesSpeciality / institutional guidelines
- Patient Consent: Elective or Emergency Medical or Surgical ProcedureElective or emergency medical or surgical procedure consent→
- Patient Considerations in the Prescription of HIF-PHIsPatients hyporesponsive to conventional ESA due to chronic inflammation or iron deficiency may benefit from HIF-PHIs due to resultant decrease in hepcidin with improvement in iron absorption and mobilization from stores. Since efficacy trials have not specifically included patients with significantly increased C-reactive protein, this potential role for HIF-PHIs is not currently supported by subs→
- Patient Details Form & Protocol Incl TriageClick on the image to enlarge. Click here for the pdf . Angels Initiative South Africa _ Registered Nurse Stroke Patient Acute Treatment Form_2024→
- Patient Healthcare Worker InteractionsSADA COVID-19 Guidelines, May 2020→
- Patient SelectionPatient Selection→
- Patient TransfersWhen and how to→
- Patient Triage / Practice Administration Before the Patient ArrivesSADA COVID-19 Guidelines, May 2020→
- Patient Well-Being and HealthClinical Evaluation Nutrition Haemoglobin Blood Pressure Preservation of Residual Renal Function Vascular Access Routine Blood Tests Bone Disease Rehabilitation and Emotional Support Clinical Evaluation Every patient on dialysis should have a clinical evaluation performed by a doctor regularly. Within treatment centres supervised by a nephrologist, chronic haemodialysis patients must be seen duri→
- Patient-Centred Care and Disease UnderstandingPatient Information and Decision-Making Lifestyle Interventions Comorbidities and Extra-Articular Disease Patient Information and Decision-Making The aim of treatment is to maintain a good quality of life and physical function. A management plan should be developed based on shared decision-making between patients and clinicians, predicated on patients’ values, goals, preferences and comorbidities→
- Patient-Controlled Analgesia and Neuraxial Analgesia TechniquesClinical guidelines on the use of patient-controlled analgesia Chart 1: Proposed prescription chart Neuraxial techniques PCA and neuraxial analgesia techniques offer alternative nonconventional methods for postoperative pain management. Clinical guidelines on the use of patient-controlled analgesia Rationale for use PCA refers to a method of analgesia through which a patient self-administers smal→
- Patient-Level InterventionsSupporting the Antimicrobial Resistance Strategy Framework and the Guidelines on Implementation of the Antimicrobial Strategy in South Africa: One Health Approach and Governance, 2018→
- Pelvic Congestive SyndromeThis booklet is intended as a practical guide to patient care for registrars, medical officers, interns and medical students attached to the gynaecology units at the University of the Witwatersrand Academic Hospitals. Anyone can use it.→
- Pelvic Inflammatory DiseaseThis booklet is intended as a practical guide to patient care for registrars, medical officers, interns and medical students attached to the gynaecology units at the University of the Witwatersrand Academic Hospitals. Anyone can use it.→
- Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)Infection Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID) Brief outline/clinical setting Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) comprises a spectrum of inflammatory disorders of the upper female genital tract. A PVD plus cervical motion tenderness/uterine tenderness/adnexal tenderness should be present Grading of PID (Gainesville) Grade I: Acute salpingitis without peritonitis Grade II: Acute salpingitis with perit→
- Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)Pelvic Inflammatory Disease→
- Penetrating Eye InjuryPenetrating Eye Injury→
- People Living with HIV (PLHIV): Adults, Adolescents, and Children Irrespective of AgeWho TPT should be offered to TPT should be deferred or not offered if the individual living with HIV Management of TPT for PLHIV All immunocompromised people have a significant risk for developing TB disease and require an initial TPT course, regardless of significant exposure, once TB disease has been excluded. This includes people of all ages living with HIV (adults, pregnant and breastfeeding→
- Perfusing Ventricular TachycardiaPerfusing ventricular tachycardia→
- Perianal SymptomsElective Surgical Conditions - Perianal Symptoms→
- PericarditisInfection Pericarditis Brief outline/clinical setting In TB endemic countries TB is a common cause of clinically significant pericardial effusion in both HIV-infected and non- infected persons. Aetiologies/organisms Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Common causes of purulent pericarditis include staphylococci and streptococci. In immunosuppressed patients or following thoracic surgery S. aureus and fun→
- Perinatal DeathsThe guidelines recommend management of common obstetric conditions at primary and referral level, based on local experience and evidence-based practice. They are not intended as strict protocols nor as standard operating procedures, but rather as a guide to safe effective management of common obstetric problems. The guidelines should be most useful to interns, medical officers and registrars.→
- Perinephric AbscessInfection Perinephric abscess Brief outline/clinical setting The mainstay of treatment for perinephric abscess is drainage. Aetiologies/organisms S.aureus, Enterobacterales Optimal antimicrobial selection - Amoxicillin- clavulanate 1.2g IVI 8rly Duration Alternative if allergic/not available Rationale Level of evidence →
- Periorbital CellulitisInfection Periorbital cellulitis Brief outline/clinical setting Approximately 3% of sinusitis cases will progress to orbital cellulitis, with 60–85% of orbital cellulitis cases being secondary to sinusitis. In the absence of abscess formation or reduction in visual signs medical management should initially be imple- mented for the first 24 hours, with frequent monitoring. If no significant clinic→
- Peripheral Arterial DiseaseElective Surgical Conditions - Peripheral Arterial Disease→
- Peripheral Line SepsisThis guideline aims to assist healthcare workers with antibiotic prescribing for common clinical syndromes in adult patients in South Africa, utilizing Local and International guidelines, key publications, and expert opinion.→
- Peritoneal DialysisSuitable Candidates Equipment and Resources Preparation for Peritoneal Dialysis Initiating Peritoneal Dialysis Ultrafiltration and Fluid Management Solute Clearance Metabolic Factors Infectious Complications in Patients on Peritoneal Dialysis Diet and Peritoneal Dialysis Indications for Switching from PD to HD Suitable Candidates Patients with a “virgin abdomen” or minor prior abdominal surgery,→
- Peritoneal Dialysis (PD) Guideline for ChildrenPD has become the equal of haemodialysis in many centres Home PD is the preferred chronic dialysis modality for most children owing to its almost universal applicability and superior compatibility with lifestyle over other modalities. For technical reasons PD is without doubt the modality of choice in infants and young children. Long-term outcome of children on dialysis is inferior compared to ol→
- Peritonsillar AbscessInfection Peritonsillar abscess Brief outline/clinical setting Pus present deep to the capsule of the tonsil, in a plane between the tonsil and superior constrictor muscle. Presents with deviation of the uvula and tonsil toward the midline, soft palate swelling and trismus Aetiologies/organisms Staphylococcus aureus Group A Streptococcus Anaerobes Optimal antimicrobial selection Amoxicillin-clavu→
- Peritonsillar Abscess (Quinsy)Peritonsillar Abscess→
- Personal Protection EquipmentSADA COVID-19 Guidelines, May 2020→
- PersonnelTo access the PDF version of the guidelines on personnel as outlined in the "SASA paediatric guidelines for the safe use of procedural sedation and analgesia for diagnostic and therapeutic procedures in children: 2021–2026," please click on the link provided below: Personnel SASA Paediatric Guidelines for the Safe use of Procedural Sedation and Analgesia for Diagnostic and Therapeutic Procedures→
- PertussisPertussis→
- Pertussis vaccinesPertussis vaccines→
- Pesticide Identification and ReportingPesticide Identification and Reporting→
- Petechial RashesPetechial Rashes→
- Pharmaceutical Therapy for EnuresisDesmospressin Contraindications: Hyponatraemia, renal failure, known hypersensitivity Oxybutynin Propiverine hydrochloride Mirabegron (beta-3 adrenoreceptor agonist) Tricyclic antidepressants Desmospressin DDAVP is a synthetic version of the posterior pituitary hormone vasopressin, also known as ADH. DDAVP monotherapy is recommended in cases of NP (with normal bladder capacity). Success rates of→
- Pharmacological Management of RADMARDs Glucocorticoids Sequential DMARD Therapy for RA First-Line Therapy: MTX Monotherapy Second-Line Therapy: Combination csDMARD Therapy Third-Line Therapy: MTX plus b/tsDMARD Choice of b/tsDMARD Fourth-LineTherapy: Switching b/tsDMARDs De-escalation of Therapy Analgesics and Anti-Inflammatory Drugs DMARDs These agents are divided into three broad groups: conventional synthetic (csDMARDs), bio→
- Pharmacological Treatment of Allergic RhinitisIntranasal corticosteroids Systemic antihistamines Intranasal antihistamines Topical nasal decongestants Leukotriene receptor antagonists The efficacy of the various classes of drugs for the treatment of AR is listed in Table 3 43,44 and Figure 4. 19 TABLE 3: Efficacy of various classes of drugs for allergic rhinitis. Pharmacological agent Nasal obstruction Rhinorrhoea Sneezing Nasal itching Intr→
- PharyngitisInfection Pharyngitis Brief outline/clinical setting Aetiologies/organisms Streptococcus pneumoniae is most common Streptococcus pyogenes Haemophilus influenza Optimal antimicrobial selection Amoxicillin 1gm 8 hourly Amoxicillin-clavulanate 2000mg amoxicillin/125mg clavulanate 12 hourly if patient not responding Amoxicillin will cause rash in patients with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) pharyngi→
- PharyngotonsillitisInfection Pharyngotonsillitis Brief outline/clinical setting Inflammation of the pharyngeal wall, pharynx and tonsils. Throat swab is recommended to rule out Group A beta haemolytic strep if <16 years old Aetiologies/organisms Viruses- coxsackie, adeno, influenza, parainfluenza, Strep pyogenes (Group ABHS), non-infectious Optimal antimicrobial selection Not for antimicrobial therapy if viral A→
- Photography in Clinical Practice - SummaryPhotography in clinical practice→
- Phototherapy and Exchange Transfusion Guidelines for All Weights and GestationsManagement guidelines for students, interns and registrars on a variety of routine and emergency situations in our neonatal service at Tygerberg Children’s Hospital. Published in 2014.→
- Physical Activity and Type 2 DiabetesPhysical Activity and type 2 Diabetes→
- Physical ExaminationThis booklet is intended as a practical guide to patient care for registrars, medical officers, interns and medical students attached to the gynaecology units at the University of the Witwatersrand Academic Hospitals. Anyone can use it.→
- Physical FacilitiesBed numbers ICU design Equipment Bed numbers The number of critical care beds required in a hospital or per capita is not clearly defined and is influenced by many factors. The recommended number of ICU beds per hospital varies according to the level of hospital and the services offered at the hospital. In general, the following targets for critical care beds are recommended: District hospitals:→
- Physiotherapy, Occupational Therapy and Complementary Health InterventionsGeneral principles and management of cancer pain in adults→
- Plasma Components and DerivativesSANBS Clinical Guideline, 6th Edition, 2023→
- Platelet Product TransfusionSANBS Clinical Guideline, 6th Edition, 2023→
- Platelet Transfusion In NeonatesManagement guidelines for students, interns and registrars on a variety of routine and emergency situations in our neonatal service at Tygerberg Children’s Hospital. Published in 2014.→
- Pneumococcal vaccinesPneumococcal vaccines→