Guidelines
3,191 entriesNDOH Standard Treatment Guidelines and clinical protocols
- Bites And StingsSee section: Envenomation Standard Treatment Guidelines And Essential Medicines List For South Africa, Hospital Level, Paediatrics, 2023 Edition Chapter 1: Emergencies and Trauma, 1.1 Paediatric Emergencies, 1.1.12 Bites And StingsPEML (Paeds)→
- Bites and StingsSee: Poisonings – envenomation ( Insect Bites and Stings , Snakebites , Scorpion Envenomation and Spider Envenomation ) . Click here for the pdf . Standard Treatment Guidelines And Essential Medicines List For South Africa, Adult Hospital level, 2020-4_Version 1_June 2024 Chapter 20: Emergencies and InjuriesEML (Adult)→
- Bladder & Bowel Dysfunction (BBD) & ConstipationThe functioning of the lower urinary tract and anorectum are inter-related. The association between detrusor overactivity and constipation has been clearly described. [61,62] The combination has been termed bladder and bowel dysfunction, [20] and may be explained by rectal distension interfering with bladder function or shared innervation pathways. The association between constipation and enuresiOther→
- Bladder and Ureteric Spasm/PainAn approach to symptom management to guide decision-making in the management of patients with life-threatening illnessOther→
- Bleeding DisordersGeneral Principles Haemophilia A and B Acute Management of Bleeds Haemophilia A - Factor VIII Deficiency (No Inhibitors) Haemophilia B - Factor IX Deficiency (No Inhibitors) Haemophilia with Inhibitors Von Willebrand Disease GENERAL PRINCIPLES A bleeding tendency may result from: a coagulation defect (congenital/acquired), a vessel wall defect, or a platelet defect (quantitative/qualitative). A cEML (Adult)→
- Bleeding Oesophageal VaricesDescription General and supportive measures Medicine treatment Referral ICD-10 code: I85.0 DESCRIPTION Presentation with haematemesis (fresh blood) or melaena in a patient who has a spontaneous bleed from varices at the oesophageal-gastric junction. The patient may or may not have been known to have chronic liver disease and portal hypertension. This bleeding may be hard to control and be lPEML (Paeds)→
- Blisters / Sores / PustulesIMCI - Skin problemsIMCI→
- Blood & SurgeryThis booklet is intended as a practical guide to patient care for registrars, medical officers, interns and medical students attached to the gynaecology units at the University of the Witwatersrand Academic Hospitals. Anyone can use it.Other→
- Blood Component TherapyPacked red blood cells FFP/FDP Cryoprecipitate Platelets Before administration of any blood component, the patient’s details should be checked against those on the bag (see red blood cell transfusion section). Blood components have specific storage and expiry times. Every effort must be made to avoid wastage. In haematological malignancy, the clinical team must be consulted before administering bOther→
- Blood Product Administration GuidelinesBlood Product and Administration GuidelinesOther→
- Blood Product Administration Guidelines (Adult)Blood Product Administration GuidelinesOther→
- Blood Tests for Different Conditions & SurgeryThis booklet is intended as a practical guide to patient care for registrars, medical officers, interns and medical students attached to the gynaecology units at the University of the Witwatersrand Academic Hospitals. Anyone can use it.Other→
- Blood TransfusionGuideline on Blood Transfusion in Paediatric PatientsOther→
- Blood Transfusion ComplicationsAn approach to symptom management to guide decision-making in the management of patients with life-threatening illnessOther→
- Blood Transfusion In NeonatesManagement guidelines for students, interns and registrars on a variety of routine and emergency situations in our neonatal service at Tygerberg Children’s Hospital. Published in 2014.Other→
- Blood Values NeonateManagement guidelines for students, interns and registrars on a variety of routine and emergency situations in our neonatal service at Tygerberg Children’s Hospital. Published in 2014.Other→
- Blood and Blood Forming OrgansClopidogrel Recombinant Factor VIIa (rFVIIa) Haemophilia bypassing agents (rFVIIa/aPCC) Emicizumab ATC Code B01AC04 Medicine Clopidogrel Indication Percutaneous coronary intervention (stenting) NEMLC Recommendation Approved Clopidogrel plus aspirin recommended for a minimum of: - 30 days in situations where a bare metal stent is inserted - 90 days in situations where a sirolimOther→
- Blunt Eye InjuryBlunt TraumaOther→
- Boil, AbscessBacterial Infections of the SkinPrimary Care→
- Bone PainAn approach to symptom management to guide decision-making in the management of patients with life-threatening illnessOther→
- Bone and Joint InfectionsThis guideline aims to assist healthcare workers with antibiotic prescribing for common clinical syndromes in adult patients in South Africa, utilizing Local and International guidelines, key publications, and expert opinion.Other→
- Borderline Ovarian TumoursThis booklet is intended as a practical guide to patient care for registrars, medical officers, interns and medical students attached to the gynaecology units at the University of the Witwatersrand Academic Hospitals. Anyone can use it.Other→
- Bowel PreparationsDescription General Measures Medicine Treatment DESCRIPTION Bowel preparation is essential for colonoscopy. LoE:IIa i GENERAL MEASURES Health care professionals should provide both oral and written patient education instructions and emphasise the importance of adherence to the bowel preparation. MEDICINE TREATMENT Start bowel preparation as a split-dose regimen the day before the scheduled procedEML (Adult)→
- Boy's Weight for Age ChartBoy's Weight for Age ChartPrimary Care→
- Boys Weight/Height ChartsClick here for PDF of the Boys Weight-for-height, Weight-for-age, and Height-for-age charts Integrated Management of Childhood Illness 2022 Last checked for updates: June 2023IMCI→
- BradycardiaDescription General Measures Medicine Treatment Referral ICD-10 code: R00.1 Refer to Adult Hospital Level and Paediatric Hospital Level STGs and EML for relevant guidance. DESCRIPTION In adults, bradycardia refers to a pulse rate < 50 beats/ minute. In children, bradycardia refers to a pulse rate < 60 beats/ minute despite effective oxygenation and ventilation. GENERAL MEASURES Assess ABC:Primary Care→
- Bradycardia Management AlgorithmBradycardia Management AlgorithmOther→
- Brain Oedema and Elevated Intracranial PressureClick on the image to enlarge. Click here for the pdf . Angels Initiative South Africa _ Registered Nurse Brain Oedema Form_2024Other→
- Brainstem Death Testing ChecklistBrainstem death testing checklistOther→
- Breakthrough Bleeding with Contraceptive UseDescription General Measures Referral N92.0/N92.1/N92.4 DESCRIPTION Breakthrough bleeding refers to unscheduled or irregular vaginal bleeding, which often presents as spotting, or prolonged or frequent bleeding in women using hormonal contraception. The pattern and duration of these unscheduled bleedings vary with the contraceptive method used. GENERAL MEASURES Before starting hormonal contraceptPrimary Care→
- Breakthrough PainPainPrimary Care→
- Breast DiseasesBreast DiseasesOther→
- Breastfeeding PlusClick on image to enlarge WHO Practice Statements for Women Living with HIV Any mother that is mixed feeding in the first 6 months should be encouraged to return to exclusive breastfeeding. However, mothers living with HIV and health-care workers can be reassured that ART reduces the risk of postnatal HIV transmission in the context of mixed feeding. Although exclusive breastfeeding is recommendeOther→
- Breastfeeding SupportIMCI - Counsel the Mother or Caregiver on Infant and Young Child FeedingIMCI→
- BreathlessnessAn approach to symptom management to guide decision-making in the management of patients with life-threatening illnessOther→
- Breech Presentation & Transverse LieThe guidelines recommend management of common obstetric conditions at primary and referral level, based on local experience and evidence-based practice. They are not intended as strict protocols nor as standard operating procedures, but rather as a guide to safe effective management of common obstetric problems. The guidelines should be most useful to interns, medical officers and registrars.Other→
- BronchiectasisStandard Treatment Guidelines and Essential Medicines List for South Africa, Hospital Level, Adults 2019 EditionEML (Adult)→
- BronchiectasisDescription Diagnostic criteria General and supportive measures Medicine treatment Surgical treatment Role of chemoprophylaxis Referral ICD-10 code: J47 DESCRIPTION Irreversible dilatation of the subsegmental airways, inflammatory destruction of bronchial and peribronchial tissue, and accumulation of exudative material in dependent bronchi that occurs as a result of recurrent bacterial infePEML (Paeds)→
- BronchiolitisDescription Diagnostic criteria General and supportive measures Medicine treatment Referral ICD-10 code: J21.9 DESCRIPTION Bronchiolitis is an acute viral infection of the small airways of the lower respiratory tract affecting children between 4 months and 2 years of age. The most common pathogen is the respiratory syncytial virus. Recurrent episodes of wheeze associated with bronchiolitisPEML (Paeds)→
- BronchiolitisBronchiolitisOther→
- BronchiolitisPaediatrics - BronchiolitisOther→
- BrucellosisDescription Medicine Treatment ICD-10 code: A23.0-3/A23.8-9 *Notifiable medical condition. DESCRIPTION Zoonotic infection, usually due to B. abortus in South Africa. Infection is usually acquired from unpasteurised milk products or handling raw meat. MEDICINE TREATMENT Doxycycline, oral, 100 mg 12 hourly for 6 weeks. AND Gentamicin, IV, 6 mg/kg daily for 3 weeks (see Appendix II for guidanEML (Adult)→
- BuboSexually Transmitted InfectionsPrimary Care→
- BuboStandard Treatment Guidelines and Essential Medicines List for South Africa, Hospital Level, Adults 2019 EditionEML (Adult)→
- Buccal CellulitisInfection Buccal cellulitis Brief outline/clinical setting bacterial infection of the skin and underlying tissue, usually odontogenic in origin which spreads to the buccal space. Patients may present with facial swelling, tenderness around the affected area, dental caries, and trismus Aetiologies/organisms H. influenzae type B (Hib) Streptococcus pneumonia Optimal antimicrobial selection AmoxicilOther→
- Bulimia NervosaBulimia NervosaPEML (Paeds)→
- BurnsDescription Emergency Treatment Medicine Treatment Referral ICD-10 code: T30.0-3/T31.0-9 + (Y34.99) DESCRIPTION Burns lead to skin and soft tissue injury and may be caused by: heat, e.g. open flame, hot liquids, hot steam chemical compounds physical agents, (e.g. electrical/lightning) or radiation. The extent and depth may vary from superficial (epidermis) to full-thickness burns of the skin andPrimary Care→
- BurnsDescription Assessment of burns General measures Medicine treatment ICD-10 code: T30.0-3 + T31.0-9 DESCRIPTION Skin and tissue damage caused by: exposure to extremes of temperature, contact with an electrical current, exposure to a chemical agent, and radiation. ASSESSMENT OF BURNS DEPTH OF BURN WOUND SURFACE/ COLOUR PAIN SENSATION/ HEALING Superficial or epidermal Dry, minor blisters, erythema -EML (Adult)→
- BurnsDescription General and supportive measures Medicine treatment Referral ICD-10 code: T30.0 DESCRIPTION Burns lead to skin and soft tissue injury and may be caused by: heat, e.g. open flame, hot liquids, hot steam; chemical compounds; physical agents, e.g. electrical/lightning; radiation. GENERAL AND SUPPORTIVE MEASURES Emergency treatment Remove smouldering or hot clothing. RemoPEML (Paeds)→
- BurnsIntroduction Background Classifying a burn Initial management Discussion criteria Ongoing management SETTING Primary and Secondary Healthcare Institutions in the Western Cape which refer to Red Cross War Memorial Children’s Hospital (RCWMCH) FOR STAFF Primary and Secondary Doctors and Nurses who refer patients to RCWMCH PATIENTS Patients under the age of 13 years old with burns IOther→